Berezin Alexander E
Internal Medicine-II, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria.
World J Stem Cells. 2025 Jan 26;17(1):102280. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i1.102280.
Increasing evidence of the significant clinical value of protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury has contributed to the realization of the independent importance of this approach in improving prognosis and reducing cardiovascular mortality. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived by adipose mesenchymal stem cells may mediate the paracrine effects of stem cells and provide regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties, which are enhanced by γ-aminobutyric acid. The protective effects on cardiac myocytes may result from the EV embarked by miR-21-5p, which is a target for thioredoxin-interacting protein, regulating the formation of thioredoxin-interacting protein-thioredoxin complexes and subsequently enhancing the antioxidant activity of thioredoxin. It has been found that γ-aminobutyric acid governs myocardial bioenergetics through suppressing inflammation and supporting mitochondrial structure. Finally, stem cell-based cell-free therapy based on adipose-derived stem cell EVs is considered a promising approach to individualized management of ischemia-induced cardiomyopathy.
越来越多的证据表明，预防缺血/再灌注损伤具有重大临床价值，这使得人们认识到这种方法在改善预后和降低心血管死亡率方面具有独立的重要性。脂肪间充质干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡（EVs）可能介导干细胞的旁分泌作用，并具有再生和抗炎特性，γ-氨基丁酸可增强这些特性。对心肌细胞的保护作用可能源于携带miR-21-5p的EVs，miR-21-5p是硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白的靶点，可调节硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白-硫氧还蛋白复合物的形成，进而增强硫氧还蛋白的抗氧化活性。研究发现，γ-氨基丁酸通过抑制炎症和维持线粒体结构来调控心肌生物能量学。最后，基于脂肪来源干细胞EVs的无细胞干细胞疗法被认为是缺血性心肌病个体化治疗的一种有前景的方法。
