Moctezuma-Ramirez Angel, Mohammed Haseeb, Hughes Austin, Elgalad Abdelmotagaly
Center for Preclinical Surgical & Interventional Research, The Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Texas A&M School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77843, USA.
Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Jan 14;26(1):25440. doi: 10.31083/RCM25440. eCollection 2025 Jan.
The evolution of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) from large, pulsatile systems to compact, continuous-flow pumps has significantly improved implantation outcomes and patient mobility. Minimally invasive surgical techniques have emerged that offer reduced morbidity and enhanced recovery for LVAD recipients. Innovations in wireless power transfer technologies aim to mitigate driveline-related complications, enhancing patient safety and quality of life. Pediatric ventricular assist devices (VADs) remain a critical unmet need; challenges in developing pediatric VADs include device sizing and managing congenital heart disease. Advances in LVAD technology adapted for use in right ventricular assist devices (RVADs) make possible the effective management of right ventricular failure in patients with acute cardiac conditions or congenital heart defects. To address disparities in mechanical circulatory support (MCS) access, cost-effective VAD designs have been developed internationally. The Vitalmex device from Mexico City combines pulsatile-flow technology with a paracorporeal design, utilizing cost-effective materials like silicone-elastic and titanium, and features a reusable pump housing to minimize manufacturing and operational costs. Romanian researchers have used advanced mathematical modeling and three-dimensional (3D) printing to produce a rim-driven, hubless axial-flow pump, achieving efficient blood flow with a compact design that includes a wireless power supply to reduce infection risk. In conclusion, MCS continues to advance with technological innovation and global collaboration. Ongoing efforts are essential to optimize outcomes, expand indications, and improve access to life-saving therapies worldwide.
左心室辅助装置（LVAD）从大型搏动系统发展到紧凑的连续流泵，显著改善了植入效果和患者的活动能力。微创外科技术应运而生，为LVAD接受者降低了发病率并加快了康复进程。无线电力传输技术的创新旨在减轻与驱动线相关的并发症，提高患者安全性和生活质量。小儿心室辅助装置（VAD）仍然是一项关键的未满足需求；开发小儿VAD面临的挑战包括装置尺寸确定和先天性心脏病的管理。适用于右心室辅助装置（RVAD）的LVAD技术进展使得有效管理患有急性心脏疾病或先天性心脏缺陷患者的右心室衰竭成为可能。为了解决机械循环支持（MCS）获取方面的差异，国际上已开发出具有成本效益的VAD设计。墨西哥城的Vitalmex装置将搏动流技术与体外设计相结合，使用硅胶弹性体和钛等具有成本效益的材料，并具有可重复使用的泵壳，以尽量降低制造和运营成本。罗马尼亚研究人员利用先进的数学建模和三维（3D）打印技术制造出一种边缘驱动、无轮毂的轴流泵，通过紧凑设计实现了高效血流，该设计包括无线电源以降低感染风险。总之，MCS随着技术创新和全球合作不断进步。持续努力对于优化治疗效果、扩大适应症范围以及改善全球范围内获得挽救生命疗法的机会至关重要。
