Han Yong-He, Cui Xi-Wen, Wang Hai-Yan, Lai Xiao-Bin, Zhu Ying, Li Jia-Bing, Xie Rong-Rong, Zhang Yong, Zhang Hong, Chen Zhibiao
Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China.
Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350117, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 May 5;488:137351. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137351. Epub 2025 Jan 26.
Hyperaccumulators harbor potentials for remediating rare earth elements (REEs)-contaminated soils. However, how they thrive in low-nutrient abandoned REEs mining sites is poorly understood. Three ferns (REEs-hyperaccumulators Dicranopteris pedata and Blechnum orientale, and non-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata) along with their rhizosphere soils were collected to answer this question by comparing differences in soil nutrient levels, soil and plant REEs concentrations, and bacterial diversity, composition, and functions. Results observed lower soil pH (4.67-4.95 vs. 7.96), total carbon (TC) (0.35-0.62 vs. 2.84 g kg), total nitrogen (TN) (20-23 vs. 133 mg kg), and total phosphorus (TP) (81-91 vs. 133 mg kg) at sites Dp and Bo than site Pv. Hyperaccumulators efficiently extracted soil REEs and translocated them to fronds (up to 6897-7759 mg kg). Bacterial α diversity in three soils did not significantly vary. In contrast, bacterial composition at sites Dp and Bo was dominant by higher abundances of copiotrophic bacteria (18 % vs. 12 %, p_Actinomycetota; 3.3-8.3 % vs. 1.9 %, p_Bacteroidota; 8.3-14 % vs. 6.9 %, c_Gammaproteobacteria) and autotrophic bacteria (18 % vs. 13 %, p_Chloroflexota; 13 % vs. 8.6 %, p_Cyanobacteriota) when compared to site Pv. These bacteria likely acted as nutrient cyclers that promoted the growth of hyperaccumulators, based on functional predictions from DiTing analyses. This study provides new insights into nutrient recovery in abandoned REEs mining sites, offering strategies to reclaim degraded soils using phyto-microbial technology.
超富集植物具有修复稀土元素（REEs）污染土壤的潜力。然而，它们如何在低养分的废弃稀土矿场中生长却鲜为人知。采集了三种蕨类植物（稀土超富集植物芒萁和东方乌毛蕨，以及非超富集植物蜈蚣草）及其根际土壤，通过比较土壤养分水平、土壤和植物中的稀土元素浓度以及细菌多样性、组成和功能的差异来回答这个问题。结果表明，与蜈蚣草生长地相比，芒萁和东方乌毛蕨生长地的土壤pH值较低（4.67 - 4.95对7.96）、总碳（TC）含量较低（0.35 - 0.62对2.84 g/kg）、总氮（TN）含量较低（20 - 23对133 mg/kg）、总磷（TP）含量较低（81 - 91对133 mg/kg）。超富集植物能有效提取土壤中的稀土元素并将其转运到叶片中（高达6897 - 7759 mg/kg）。三种土壤中的细菌α多样性没有显著差异。相比之下，与蜈蚣草生长地相比，芒萁和东方乌毛蕨生长地的细菌组成中，富营养型细菌（放线菌门：18%对12%；拟杆菌门：3.3 - 8.3%对1.9%；γ-变形菌纲：8.3 - 14%对6.9%）和自养细菌（绿弯菌门：18%对13%；蓝细菌门：13%对8.6%）的丰度更高。根据迪廷分析的功能预测，这些细菌可能作为养分循环者促进了超富集植物的生长。本研究为废弃稀土矿场的养分恢复提供了新见解，为利用植物 - 微生物技术修复退化土壤提供了策略。
