马来西亚商业婴儿食品质量评估及促进政策制定

Assessment of Commercial Baby Food Quality and Promotion in Malaysia for Policy Development.

作者信息

Shyam S, Tan S Y, ALsheibani B A A, How K E, Morpeth A, Rippin H, Threapleton D, Cade J E

机构信息

Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain.

出版信息

Asia Pac J Public Health. 2025 Mar;37(2-3):247-256. doi: 10.1177/10105395241313419. Epub 2025 Jan 28.

DOI:10.1177/10105395241313419

PMID:39876534

Abstract

Nutritional quality of food for infants and young children (FIYC) is key to optimum development and health. To evaluate commercial FIYC products, the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO-EURO) has defined a Nutrient and Promotion Profile Model (NPPM). Although FIYC is commonly used in Malaysia, its quality is largely unknown. We evaluated the nutrient profiles and on-pack promotions of FIYC available in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, using the NPPM. Among the 285 products sampled from a range of retail outlets, none met all NPPM promotional recommendations; only 24% satisfied all relevant nutrition criteria. Several products failed on sugar (29%) and sodium (26%) criteria, with around half having added sugar. In addition, 3%, 6%, and 9% of FIYC failed relevant fat, protein, and energy requirements, respectively. Although 98% had inappropriate health claims, 36% missed appropriate breastfeeding statements. There is an urgent need to improve the quality of FIYC in Malaysia.

摘要

婴幼儿食品的营养质量对其最佳发育和健康至关重要。为评估市售婴幼儿食品产品，世界卫生组织欧洲区域办事处（世卫组织欧洲办事处）定义了一种营养与推广概况模型（NPPM）。尽管婴幼儿食品在马来西亚普遍使用，但其质量很大程度上未知。我们使用NPPM评估了马来西亚吉隆坡市售婴幼儿食品的营养概况和包装上的宣传内容。在从一系列零售网点抽取的285种产品中，没有一种符合NPPM的所有宣传建议；只有24%满足所有相关营养标准。几种产品在糖（29%）和钠（26%）标准方面未达标，约一半产品含有添加糖。此外，分别有3%、6%和9%的婴幼儿食品不符合相关的脂肪、蛋白质和能量要求。尽管98%的产品有不恰当的健康声明，但36%遗漏了适当的母乳喂养说明。马来西亚迫切需要提高婴幼儿食品的质量。