Bozkir Cigdem, Esin Kubra, Threapleton Diane, Cade Janet E
Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye.
Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Eur J Pediatr. 2025 Jan 11;184(2):128. doi: 10.1007/s00431-025-05971-7.
The first 1000 days of life are critical for long-term health outcomes, and there is increasing concern about the suitability of commercial food products for infants, toddlers, and children. This study evaluates the compliance of UK commercial baby food products with WHO Nutrient and Promotion Profile Model (NPPM) guidelines.
Between February and April 2023, data on 469 baby food products marketed for infants and children under 36 months were collected from the online platforms of four major UK supermarkets. Nutritional composition and labelling information were assessed using the NPPM criteria. Quantitative analyses were performed using IBM SPSS, presenting data as means with 95% confidence intervals.
While 75% of products met the minimum energy content criteria, compliance with total sugar content and protein requirements was 59% and 94%, respectively. Overall, only 45% of products adhered to NPPM nutritional standards. Promotional assessments revealed that no products met the requirements for appropriate nutrient, health, or marketing claims. Furthermore, only 5% of products included adequate statements in support of breastfeeding.
This study highlights the need for stricter nutritional and promotional standards in the UK baby food industry to foster healthier early dietary habits. Regulatory measures are essential to align commercial baby food products with WHO recommendations, reducing inappropriate claims and improving nutritional quality.
生命的最初1000天对长期健康结果至关重要，人们越来越关注商业食品对婴儿、幼儿和儿童的适用性。本研究评估了英国商业婴儿食品产品是否符合世界卫生组织营养与推广概况模型（NPPM）指南。
2023年2月至4月期间，从英国四大超市的在线平台收集了469种面向36个月以下婴幼儿销售的婴儿食品产品的数据。使用NPPM标准评估营养成分和标签信息。使用IBM SPSS进行定量分析，数据以均值和95%置信区间表示。
虽然75%的产品符合最低能量含量标准，但总糖含量和蛋白质要求的合规率分别为59%和94%。总体而言，只有45%的产品符合NPPM营养标准。促销评估显示，没有产品符合适当营养、健康或营销声明的要求。此外，只有5%的产品包含支持母乳喂养的适当声明。
本研究强调英国婴儿食品行业需要更严格的营养和促销标准，以培养更健康的早期饮食习惯。监管措施对于使商业婴儿食品产品符合世界卫生组织的建议、减少不当声明并提高营养质量至关重要。
