Sun Li, Tian Yuan, Zhang Shuling, Huang Letian, Ma Jietao, Han Chengbo
Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
JTO Clin Res Rep. 2024 Dec 18;6(2):100780. doi: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2024.100780. eCollection 2025 Feb.
This study aimed to assess the impact of prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF on first-line immunochemotherapy in advanced NSCLC.
A cohort of patients with advanced NSCLC who received first-line immunochemotherapy at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 2019 and July 2024 was selected for this study. Patients were divided into the following two groups: a treatment group that received prophylactic PEG-rhG-CSF (≥1 cycle) 48 hours after immunochemotherapy and a control group that did not receive PEG-rhG-CSF. The primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), overall response rate, and safety. A propensity score-matched analysis was performed to reduce potential confounders.
A total of 220 patients were enrolled, with 87 in the treatment group and 133 in the control group. Median PFS was 10.5 months in both the treatment and control groups ( = 0.86), and median OS was 33.9 months in the treatment group versus not reached in the control group ( = 0.71). The overall response rate was 64.4% in the treatment group and 58.6% in the control group ( = 0.40). After propensity score-matched analysis (each group included 78 patients), median PFS was 12.6 months in the treatment group versus 10.5 months in the control group ( = 0.99), and median OS remained 30.3 months in the treatment group versus not reached in the control group ( = 0.85). The treatment group had a reduced incidence of chemotherapy interruptions, any grade of leukopenia, any grade of neutropenia, and grades 3 to 5 neutropenia, without an increase in immune-related adverse events.
The prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF in patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing first-line immunochemotherapy did not compromise efficacy and safety. It reduced chemotherapy interruptions and neutropenia, without increasing immune-related adverse events, thus supporting safe and uninterrupted treatment.
本研究旨在评估聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（PEG-rhG-CSF）预防性使用对晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）一线免疫化疗的影响。
选取2019年1月至2024年7月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院接受一线免疫化疗的晚期NSCLC患者队列进行本研究。患者分为以下两组：免疫化疗后48小时接受预防性PEG-rhG-CSF（≥1周期）的治疗组和未接受PEG-rhG-CSF的对照组。主要终点为无进展生存期（PFS）、总生存期（OS）、总缓解率和安全性。进行倾向评分匹配分析以减少潜在混杂因素。
共纳入220例患者，治疗组87例，对照组133例。治疗组和对照组的中位PFS均为10.5个月（P = 0.86），治疗组的中位OS为33.9个月，而对照组未达到（P = 0.71）。治疗组的总缓解率为64.4%，对照组为58.6%（P = 0.40）。倾向评分匹配分析后（每组包括78例患者），治疗组的中位PFS为12.6个月，对照组为10.5个月（P = 0.99），治疗组的中位OS仍为30.3个月，对照组未达到（P = 0.85）。治疗组化疗中断、任何级别的白细胞减少、任何级别的中性粒细胞减少以及3至5级中性粒细胞减少的发生率均降低，且免疫相关不良事件未增加。
在接受一线免疫化疗的晚期NSCLC患者中预防性使用PEG-rhG-CSF不影响疗效和安全性。它减少了化疗中断和中性粒细胞减少，且未增加免疫相关不良事件，从而支持安全且不间断的治疗。
