Vladic Nikola, Englisch Cornelia, Ay Cihan, Pabinger Ingrid
Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2024 Dec 24;9(1):102664. doi: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102664. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Venous thromboembolism remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among ambulatory cancer patients, necessitating effective risk assessment and prevention strategies. Despite the availability of risk assessment models and guidelines recommending primary thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparins or direct oral anticoagulants, the application of these strategies is inconsistent. This review provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art venous thromboembolism risk assessment and thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory patients with cancer, focusing on existing risk assessment models and the latest guideline recommendations. Finally, it summarizes gaps in knowledge, discusses future directions, and highlights recent advances and state-of-the-art research presented at the 2024 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress in Bangkok, Thailand.
静脉血栓栓塞仍然是门诊癌症患者发病和死亡的主要原因，因此需要有效的风险评估和预防策略。尽管有风险评估模型和指南推荐使用低分子肝素或直接口服抗凝剂进行一级血栓预防，但这些策略的应用并不一致。本综述概述了门诊癌症患者当前最先进的静脉血栓栓塞风险评估和血栓预防情况，重点关注现有的风险评估模型和最新的指南建议。最后，总结了知识空白，讨论了未来方向，并强调了在泰国曼谷举行的2024年国际血栓与止血学会大会上提出的最新进展和最前沿研究。
