Lindeman Chloe W, Jalowiec Travis R, Keim Nathan C
James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, USA.
Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Sci Adv. 2025 Jan 31;11(5):eadr5933. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adr5933. Epub 2025 Jan 29.
Far-from-equilibrium systems can form memories of previous deformations or driving. In systems from sheared glassy materials to buckling beams to crumpled sheets, this behavior is dominated by return-point memory, in which revisiting a past extremum of driving restores the system to a previous state. Cyclic driving with both positive and negative strains forms multiple nested memories, as in a single-dial combination lock, while asymmetric driving (only positive strain) cannot. We study this case in a general model of hysteresis that considers discrete elements called hysterons. We show how two hysterons with a frustrated interaction can violate return-point memory, realizing multiple memories of asymmetric driving. This reveals a general principle for designing systems that store sequences of cyclic driving, whether symmetric or asymmetric. In disordered systems, asymmetric driving is a sensitive tool for the direct measurement of frustration.
远离平衡态的系统能够形成对先前变形或驱动的记忆。在从剪切玻璃态材料到屈曲梁再到褶皱薄片的各类系统中，这种行为主要由返回点记忆主导，即重新回到过去驱动的极值会使系统恢复到先前状态。具有正负应变的循环驱动会形成多个嵌套记忆，就像单刻度组合锁一样，而不对称驱动（仅正应变）则无法形成。我们在一个考虑称为磁滞元的离散元件的一般磁滞模型中研究这种情况。我们展示了两个具有受挫相互作用的磁滞元如何能够违反返回点记忆，实现不对称驱动的多个记忆。这揭示了设计用于存储循环驱动序列（无论对称还是不对称）的系统的一般原理。在无序系统中，不对称驱动是直接测量受挫程度的灵敏工具。
