St Pe Francesca A, Stevens Kimberly S, Odar Stough Cathleen C, Shaffer Anne, Aarnio-Peterson Claire M
Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Eat Behav. 2025 Jan;56:101947. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101947. Epub 2025 Jan 25.
This study identified mealtime challenges and emotions experienced during challenges among adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) or atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) and their caregivers during the early phase of family-based treatment (FBT).
Caregivers with high expressed emotion (i.e., Five-Minute Speech Sample) and their adolescents with AN/AAN completed a joint interview to discuss a recent challenging meal/snack they had together. Interviews were analyzed using thematic and content analyses. Differences in the challenges and emotions experienced between families of adolescents with AN and adolescents with AAN were explored.
Twenty FBT-enrolled (M = 3.2 sessions completed; SD = 1.9) adolescents (M = 15.0 years, SD = 1.6) diagnosed with AN (n = 12) and AAN (n = 8) and their primary caregivers completed interviews. Six mealtime challenge themes were identified. Families with youth with AN were more likely to endorse challenges related to difficulties with FBT, food refusal, food health concerns, stress on family dynamics (i.e., lack of communication, pressure to meet expectations), and mealtime stimuli (i.e., challenging emotions). Families with youth with AAN were more likely to endorse challenges related to body, weight shape concerns and desire for control and consistency. Despite differences, both groups broadly endorsed all mealtime challenge themes.
Mealtimes for FBT-enrolled families are multifaceted and emotionally challenging. Families' experiences during the early phase of FBT should be assessed to provide additional support for challenges.
本研究确定了神经性厌食症（AN）或非典型神经性厌食症（AAN）青少年及其照顾者在基于家庭的治疗（FBT）早期阶段进餐时面临的挑战以及挑战期间所经历的情绪。
情感表达强烈的照顾者（即五分钟言语样本）及其患有AN/AAN的青少年完成了一次联合访谈，以讨论他们最近一起经历的一次具有挑战性的用餐/零食。访谈采用主题分析和内容分析进行分析。探讨了患有AN的青少年家庭和患有AAN的青少年家庭在挑战和情绪体验上的差异。
20名参加FBT的青少年（M = 3.2次完成疗程；SD = 1.9）（M = 15.0岁，SD = 1.6）被诊断为AN（n = 12）和AAN（n = 8），他们的主要照顾者完成了访谈。确定了六个用餐挑战主题。患有AN的青少年家庭更有可能认可与FBT困难、食物拒绝、对食物健康的担忧、家庭动态压力（即缺乏沟通、满足期望的压力）以及用餐刺激（即具有挑战性的情绪）相关的挑战。患有AAN的青少年家庭更有可能认可与身体、体重形状担忧以及对控制和一致性的渴望相关的挑战。尽管存在差异，但两组都广泛认可所有用餐挑战主题。
参加FBT的家庭用餐具有多面性且在情感上具有挑战性。应评估家庭在FBT早期阶段的经历，以便为挑战提供额外支持。
