Rodríguez-Bolaños Rosibel, Ramírez-Palacios Paula, Gallegos-Carrillo Katia, Chávez-Iñiguez Arlette, Lara Daimarelys, Ossip Deborah J, Cupertino Ana Paula, Cartujano-Barrera Francisco
Department of Reproductive Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Center for Evaluation and Surveys Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jan 29;44(1):22. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00752-2.
No study has assessed the impact of flavor capsule cigarettes (FCCs) on smoking cessation. Thus, the purpose of this exploratory study was to assess (1) the sociodemographic and smoking-related characteristics associated with using FCCs, and (2) the preliminary impact of FCCs on smoking cessation.
This study is a secondary data analysis of a single-arm study with 100 individuals living in Mexico who smoked and received a smoking cessation mHealth intervention and pharmacotherapy support. The primary outcomes were self-reported and biochemically verified 7-day smoking abstinence at Month 3.
Just over one-third of participants (36%) used FCCs, with a preference for one capsule and menthol/mint flavor. Compared to participants who smoked non-FCCs, participants who smoked FCCs were (1) younger, (2) more likely to be women, and (3) more likely to smoke less than 10 cigarettes per day (CPD; all p's < 0.05). After controlling for all significant associations, age younger than 50 years old (AOR = 3.26, 95% CI 1.25-8.51) and being a woman (AOR = 3.62, 95% CI 1.41-9.35) were positively and independently associated with smoking FCCs. Treating those lost to follow-up as participants who continued smoking, 41.7% (15/36) of participants who smoked FCCs self-reported smoking abstinence at month 3 compared to 42.2% (27/64) of participants who smoked non-FCCs (p = 0.96). Furthermore, 33.3% (12/36) of participants who smoked FCCs were biochemically verified abstinent at Month 3 compared to 18.8% (12/64) of participants who smoked non-FCCs (p = 0.10).
Younger age and being a woman were associated with using FCCs. Self-reported smoking abstinence at Month 3 was comparable between participants who smoke FCCs and non-FCCs. However, biochemically verified abstinent at Month 3 was higher among participants who smoke FCCs compared to participants who smoke non-FCCs, although the difference was not statistically significant. Prospective and adequately powered comparisons must be made between individuals who smoke FCCs and non-FCCs to effectively assess differences in smoking abstinence, and the reasons for these differences.
尚无研究评估调味胶囊香烟（FCCs）对戒烟的影响。因此，本探索性研究的目的是评估：（1）与使用FCCs相关的社会人口学特征和吸烟相关特征；（2）FCCs对戒烟的初步影响。
本研究是一项单臂研究的二次数据分析，研究对象为100名居住在墨西哥的吸烟者，他们接受了戒烟移动健康干预和药物治疗支持。主要结局是在第3个月时自我报告并经生化验证的7天戒烟情况。
略多于三分之一的参与者（36%）使用FCCs，他们更喜欢单颗胶囊以及薄荷醇/薄荷味。与吸非FCCs香烟的参与者相比，吸FCCs香烟的参与者：（1）更年轻；（2）女性比例更高；（3）每天吸烟少于10支的可能性更大（均p值<0.05）。在控制所有显著关联因素后，年龄小于50岁（调整后比值比[AOR]=3.26，95%置信区间[CI]1.25 - 8.51）和女性（AOR=3.62，95%CI 1.41 - 9.35）与吸FCCs香烟呈正相关且独立相关。将失访者视为继续吸烟者，吸FCCs香烟的参与者中有41.7%（15/36）在第3个月自我报告戒烟，而吸非FCCs香烟的参与者中有42.2%（27/64）自我报告戒烟（p=0.96）。此外，吸FCCs香烟的参与者中有33.3%（12/36）在第3个月经生化验证戒烟，而吸非FCCs香烟的参与者中有18.8%（12/64）经生化验证戒烟（p=0.10）。
年龄较小和女性与使用FCCs相关。吸FCCs香烟的参与者和吸非FCCs香烟的参与者在第3个月自我报告的戒烟情况相当。然而，与吸非FCCs香烟的参与者相比，吸FCCs香烟的参与者在第3个月经生化验证的戒烟率更高，尽管差异无统计学意义。必须对吸FCCs香烟的人和吸非FCCs香烟的人进行前瞻性且有足够效力的比较，以有效评估戒烟差异及其原因。
