Martinez-Peña Georgina, Mimenza-Alvarado Alberto Jose, Aguilar-Navarro Sara Gloria
National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Front Neurol. 2025 Jan 15;15:1461239. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1461239. eCollection 2024.
Dysphagia and cognitive impairment are prevalent in older individuals. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of dysphagia through fluoroscopy in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at a memory clinic in a tertiary hospital in Mexico City. A total of 158 patients were included, of whom 86 (54.4%) showed a risk of dysphagia, and 84 underwent barium swallow fluoroscopy.
An association was observed between MCI and alteration in the oral phase (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12, 0.92, = 0.034). Compared to patients with dementia, patients with MCI showed greater alteration in protection against regurgitation (OR 3.19, 95% CI: 1.05 to 9.72, = 0.042) and in the contraction of the laryngeal muscles (OR 3.54, 95% CI: 1.30 to 9.62, = 0.013).
Our findings highlight the altered phases of swallowing in patients with dementia. Additionally, we found a high prevalence of dysphagia in older adults with MCI, underscoring the importance of early detection and intervention.
吞咽困难和认知障碍在老年人中很常见。本研究旨在通过透视检查了解轻度认知障碍（MCI）和痴呆症老年患者吞咽困难的特征。
在墨西哥城一家三级医院的记忆诊所进行了一项横断面研究。共纳入158例患者，其中86例（54.4%）有吞咽困难风险，84例接受了钡剂吞咽透视检查。
观察到MCI与口腔期改变之间存在关联（OR 0.33，95%CI 0.12，0.92， = 0.034）。与痴呆症患者相比，MCI患者在防止反流（OR 3.19，95%CI：1.05至9.72， = 0.042）和喉肌收缩（OR 3.54，95%CI：1.30至9.62， = 0.013）方面表现出更大的改变。
我们的研究结果突出了痴呆症患者吞咽阶段的改变。此外，我们发现MCI老年患者吞咽困难的患病率很高，强调了早期检测和干预的重要性。
