Nguyen Chantal, Chou Raymond
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Division, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA.
Int Orthop. 2025 Apr;49(4):925-933. doi: 10.1007/s00264-025-06417-3. Epub 2025 Jan 30.
This narrative review identifies and summarizes current evidence for diagnostic ultrasonographic evaluation of upper extremity dynamic compressive neuropathies affecting athletes.
Relevant literature was identified using the PubMed database and then summarized.
The compressive neuropathies affecting athletes we identified included: neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, pectoralis minor syndrome, quadrilateral space syndrome, suprascapular nerve entrapment, proximal median nerve entrapment or bicipital aponeurosis/lacertus fibrosus (lacertus syndrome), radial tunnel syndrome, and cubital tunnel syndrome. Symptoms may develop only during specific sport activity, after specific sport-related trauma, or in setting of overuse during sport. Diagnostic ultrasound strategies assessing compressive neuropathies focus on static evaluation of nerves and surrounding structures, as well as dynamic evaluation of these structures in certain degrees of shoulder abduction, elbow flexion, or forearm pronation.
Ultrasonography can be used as a diagnostic tool in assessing upper extremity dynamic compressive neuropathies. Ultrasound allows for dynamic evaluation of these rare conditions, especially for athletes who primarily develop symptoms during movement or participation in sport.
本叙述性综述确定并总结了目前关于超声诊断评估影响运动员的上肢动态压迫性神经病变的证据。
使用PubMed数据库识别相关文献，然后进行总结。
我们确定的影响运动员的压迫性神经病变包括：神经源性胸廓出口综合征、胸小肌综合征、四边孔综合征、肩胛上神经卡压、正中神经近端卡压或肱二头肌腱膜/肱肌筋膜（肱肌综合征）、桡管综合征和肘管综合征。症状可能仅在特定的体育活动期间、特定的运动相关创伤后或运动期间过度使用的情况下出现。评估压迫性神经病变的超声诊断策略侧重于对神经及周围结构的静态评估，以及在一定程度的肩关节外展、肘关节屈曲或前臂旋前时对这些结构的动态评估。
超声检查可作为评估上肢动态压迫性神经病变的诊断工具。超声能够对这些罕见病症进行动态评估，尤其适用于那些主要在运动或参与体育活动期间出现症状的运动员。
