Zhang Dandan, Yu Huang, Yu Xiaoli, Yang Yuchun, Wang Cheng, Wu Kun, Niu Mingyang, He Jianguo, He Zhili, Yan Qingyun
Marine Synthetic Ecology Research Center, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering/Life Sciences/Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Marine Ranching in Lingdingyang Bay, China-ASEAN Belt and Road Joint Laboratory On Mariculture Technology, State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.
School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, Key Discipline Laboratory for National Defense for Biotechnology in Uranium Mining and Hydrometallurgy, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
Adv Biotechnol (Singap). 2024 Jun 17;2(3):21. doi: 10.1007/s44307-024-00028-6.
Microorganisms in eutrophic water play a vital role in nitrogen (N) removal, which contributes significantly to the nutrient cycling and sustainability of eutrophic ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying the interactions and adaptation strategies of the N removal microorganisms in eutrophic ecosystems remain unclear. We thus analyzed field sediments collected from a eutrophic freshwater ecosystem, enriched the N removal microorganisms, examined their function and adaptability through amplicon, metagenome and metatranscriptome sequencing. We found that the N removal activities could be affected through potential competition and inhibition among microbial metabolic pathways. High-diversity microbial communities generally increased the abundance and expression of N removal functional genes. Further enrichment experiments showed that the enrichment of N removal microorganisms led to a development of simplified but more stable microbial communities, characterized by similar evolutionary patterns among N removal microorganisms, tighter interactions, and increased adaptability. Notably, the sustained provision of NH and NO during the enrichment could potentially strengthen the interconnections among denitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) processes. Moreover, the identification of shared metabolic traits among denitrification, anammox and DNRA implies important cooperative associations and adaptability of N removal microorganisms. Our findings highlight the microbial interactions affect the adaptive strategies of key microbial taxa involved in N removal.
富营养化水体中的微生物在氮去除过程中起着至关重要的作用，这对富营养化生态系统的养分循环和可持续性有显著贡献。然而，富营养化生态系统中氮去除微生物的相互作用机制和适应策略仍不清楚。因此，我们分析了从富营养化淡水生态系统采集的现场沉积物，富集了氮去除微生物，并通过扩增子、宏基因组和宏转录组测序研究了它们的功能和适应性。我们发现，微生物代谢途径之间的潜在竞争和抑制可能会影响氮去除活性。高多样性的微生物群落通常会增加氮去除功能基因的丰度和表达。进一步的富集实验表明，氮去除微生物的富集导致了简化但更稳定的微生物群落的形成，其特征是氮去除微生物之间具有相似的进化模式、更紧密的相互作用以及增强的适应性。值得注意的是，在富集过程中持续提供NH和NO可能会加强反硝化、厌氧氨氧化（anammox）和异化硝酸盐还原为铵（DNRA）过程之间的相互联系。此外，反硝化、anammox和DNRA之间共享代谢特征的鉴定意味着氮去除微生物之间存在重要的合作关联和适应性。我们的研究结果强调了微生物相互作用会影响参与氮去除的关键微生物类群的适应策略。
