Wang Xuezhe, Luan Xinchi, Yin Wenwen, Wang Yilin, Li Xiaoxuan, Chen Ruolan, Zhang Guoliang, Zhao Ruizhe, Dong Xue, Zhang Zhishang, Fan Yuchen, Li Zhaodong, Chu Xianming, Wang Shuang
Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2025 Feb;26(2):103-127. doi: 10.1007/s11864-024-01287-0. Epub 2025 Jan 31.
Cardiac sarcomas are rare, aggressive malignancies originating from various cardiac cell types, presenting significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. This comprehensive review explores recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment of cardiac angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. And we briefly discuss the exceedingly rare occurrence of cardiac osteosarcoma and present our perspectives on its treatment. Development of these tumors is influenced by genetic mutations, environmental factors, and chromosomal abnormalities, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for accurate diagnosis and management. Advanced imaging techniques, biomarkers, and immunohistochemical analysis assist in confirming the diagnosis and guiding treatment decisions. Surgical resection, adjuvant therapies, and personalized treatment strategies based on genetic profiling offer promising avenues for improving patient outcomes. Emerging therapeutic approaches, such as targeted therapies and immunotherapies, have shown promising progress in recent years. Despite these advancements, the prognosis for patient with cardiac sarcomas remains poor, highlighting the urgent need for continued research to refine treatment methods and enhance long-term survival outcomes. Ongoing efforts and clinical trials are essential for advancing the management of these rare and aggressive tumors, ultimately improving quality of life for affected patients.
心脏肉瘤是罕见的侵袭性恶性肿瘤，起源于各种心脏细胞类型，在诊断和治疗方面都面临重大挑战。这篇综述探讨了心脏血管肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、平滑肌肉瘤和横纹肌肉瘤在诊断和治疗方面的最新进展。我们还简要讨论了极为罕见的心脏骨肉瘤病例，并阐述了我们对其治疗的观点。这些肿瘤的发生受基因突变、环境因素和染色体异常的影响，因此需要多学科方法来进行准确的诊断和管理。先进的成像技术、生物标志物和免疫组化分析有助于确诊并指导治疗决策。手术切除、辅助治疗以及基于基因谱分析的个性化治疗策略为改善患者预后提供了有前景的途径。近年来，新兴的治疗方法，如靶向治疗和免疫治疗，已显示出有前景的进展。尽管有这些进展，但心脏肉瘤患者的预后仍然很差，这凸显了持续研究以优化治疗方法和提高长期生存结果的迫切需求。正在进行的努力和临床试验对于推进这些罕见且侵袭性肿瘤的管理至关重要，最终可改善受影响患者的生活质量。
