Hakim Muhammad Luthfi, Alfarros Zufar, Herianto Herianto, Muflikhun Muhammad Akhsin
Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Electrical Engineering Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 30;15(1):3741. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-88372-y.
Research on flexible strain sensors has grown rapidly and is widely applied in the fields of soft robotics, body motion detection, wearable sensors, health monitoring, and sports. In this study, MXene was successfully synthesized in powder form and combined with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) to develop MWCNT@MXene conductive network-based flexible strain sensors with silicone rubber (SR) substrate. Combining MWCNTs with MXene as a conductive material has been shown to significantly improve the sensor performance, due to MXene's high conductivity properties that strengthen the MWCNT conductive pathway, increase sensitivity, and improve sensor stability. The sensor is fabricated by a sandwich method consisting of three layers, which enables more accurate and reliable detection of strain changes. The main innovation of this research is the utilization of MWCNT@MXene as a conductive material that optimizes the performance of flexible strain sensors, overcomes the limitations of previous materials, and makes it a more effective solution for long-term applications. Furthermore, the sensor was evaluated to test its performance through sensitivity, linearity, response time, and durability tests. The results showed that the sensor exhibited excellent performance with a high sensitivity of 39.97 over a strain range of 0-100% and excellent linearity (0.99) over a strain of 0-50%. The sensor also has a fast response time of about 70 ms, it also has good stability during low (1-5%) and high (20-100%) strain cycle testing and can withstand up to 1200 loading and unloading cycles. In addition, the sensor effectively detects a wide range of body movements, including finger, wrist and knee movements. These findings show that the electromechanical properties of strain sensors are significantly improved through the use of MWCNT@MXene as a conductive material, so these sensors are considered a promising solution for applications in wearables and body motion monitoring.
柔性应变传感器的研究发展迅速，并广泛应用于软机器人技术、人体运动检测、可穿戴传感器、健康监测和体育等领域。在本研究中，成功合成了粉末状的MXene，并将其与多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）结合，以开发具有硅橡胶（SR）基底的基于MWCNT@MXene导电网络的柔性应变传感器。将MWCNT与MXene作为导电材料结合使用，已被证明可显著提高传感器性能，这是由于MXene的高导电性能增强了MWCNT导电通路、提高了灵敏度并改善了传感器稳定性。该传感器采用三明治方法制造，由三层组成，能够更准确可靠地检测应变变化。本研究的主要创新点在于利用MWCNT@MXene作为导电材料，优化了柔性应变传感器的性能，克服了先前材料的局限性，并使其成为长期应用的更有效解决方案。此外，通过灵敏度、线性度、响应时间和耐久性测试对该传感器进行了性能评估。结果表明该传感器表现出优异的性能，在0-100%应变范围内具有39.97的高灵敏度，在0-50%应变范围内具有优异的线性度（0.99）。该传感器还具有约70 ms的快速响应时间 在低应变（1-5%）和高应变（20-100%）循环测试中也具有良好的稳定性，并且能够承受高达1200次的加载和卸载循环。此外，该传感器能够有效检测包括手指、手腕和膝盖运动在内的各种人体运动。这些发现表明，通过使用MWCNT@MXene作为导电材料，应变传感器的机电性能得到了显著改善，因此这些传感器被认为是可穿戴设备和人体运动监测应用中有前景的解决方案。
