Mi Jiarun, Han Xueyan, Cheng Hanchao, Pan Zhaoyang, Guo Jian, Zhu Hailu, Wang Qi, Wang Yicong, Liu Yuanli, Zheng Congyi, Wang Xin, Cao Xue, Hu Zhen, Tian Yixin, Wang Zengwu, Guan Tianjia
School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Dongdansantiao, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, China.
State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 30;25(1):382. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-21044-0.
Retirement represents a significant life transition and is associated with individual health outcomes. Previous studies on the health effects of retirement have yielded inconsistent conclusions. This study aimed to estimate the impact of retirement on the body mass index (BMI) and BMI-defined overweight and obesity.
Between 2012 and 2015, this study included 88,471 public sector participants from the Chinese Hypertension Survey (CHS) while excluding those working in the private sector. By utilizing the fuzzy regression discontinuity design (FRDD), this research evaluated the direct impact of retirement on the BMI, as well as on the overweight and obesity rates. Additionally, the study examined variations in the effects of retirement among groups stratified by sex and educational attainment.
The fully adjusted model suggested that retirement did not have a significant impact on the BMI or overweight and obesity rates of the overall population. Notably, retirement significantly impacted the male participants, resulting in an increase in their BMI of 2.18 (95% CI 0.23-4.13), but did not affect the BMI of the female participants. Furthermore, individuals with lower educational backgrounds experienced more pronounced BMI changes upon retirement.
On average, retirement has no significant impact on the BMI and overweight and obesity rates. Retirement leads to an increase in the BMI among men but does not affect that in women. When considering adjustments to existing retirement policies, the differential health effects of retirement across various populations should be taken into account.
退休代表着人生的重大转变，且与个人健康状况相关。此前关于退休对健康影响的研究得出了不一致的结论。本研究旨在评估退休对体重指数（BMI）以及由BMI定义的超重和肥胖的影响。
2012年至2015年期间，本研究纳入了来自中国高血压调查（CHS）的88471名公共部门参与者，同时排除了在私营部门工作的人员。通过运用模糊回归断点设计（FRDD），本研究评估了退休对BMI以及超重和肥胖率的直接影响。此外，该研究还考察了按性别和教育程度分层的群体中退休影响的差异。
完全调整模型表明，退休对总体人群的BMI或超重和肥胖率没有显著影响。值得注意的是，退休对男性参与者有显著影响，导致他们的BMI增加了2.18（95%CI 0.23 - 4.13），但对女性参与者的BMI没有影响。此外，教育背景较低的个体在退休后BMI变化更为明显。
总体而言，退休对BMI和超重及肥胖率没有显著影响。退休导致男性的BMI增加，但对女性没有影响。在考虑调整现有退休政策时，应考虑退休对不同人群的不同健康影响。
