Zemmoto Chika, Matsumoto Yuki, Arahori Minori, Inoue-Murayama Miho
Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.
Anicom Specialty Medical Institute Inc., Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
Anim Genet. 2025 Feb;56(1):e13508. doi: 10.1111/age.13508.
Domestic dogs exhibit significant diversity in both morphology and personality. Recent studies focusing on large-breed dogs reported the contribution of genetic factors to personality. However, the genetic influence in small-breed dogs remains unexplored. In the present study, we investigated the personality of two small-breed dogs using a questionnaire and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism data obtained from 301 Toy Poodles and 183 Miniature Dachshunds using the Illumina CanineHD 230K SNP BeadChip. The factor analysis conducted on a questionnaire consisting of 39 items identified seven factors. Among the seven personality factors, 'activeness' in Toy Poodles and 'human-directed sociability' in Miniature Dachshunds had an estimated heritability of 0.425 (SE = 0.311) and 0.514 (SE = 0.355), respectively. In addition, genome-wide association study suggested that two genomic regions possibly affect personality. The dog breeds focused on in this study are most popular in Japan, thus their information is in high demand.
家犬在形态和性格方面都表现出显著的多样性。最近针对大型犬的研究报告了遗传因素对性格的影响。然而，小型犬的遗传影响仍未得到探索。在本研究中，我们使用问卷以及通过Illumina CanineHD 230K SNP芯片从301只玩具贵宾犬和183只迷你腊肠犬获得的全基因组单核苷酸多态性数据，对两只小型犬的性格进行了调查。对一份由39个项目组成的问卷进行的因素分析确定了七个因素。在这七个性格因素中，玩具贵宾犬的“活跃度”和迷你腊肠犬的“对人类的社交性”的遗传力估计分别为0.425（标准误=0.311）和0.514（标准误=0.355）。此外，全基因组关联研究表明，两个基因组区域可能影响性格。本研究关注的犬种在日本最受欢迎，因此对它们的信息有很高的需求。
