Yang Tingyu, Gao Rong, Gao Yehui, Huang Mingyue, Cui Jialu, Lin Lin, Cheng Hongbo, Dang Wanyun, Gao Yue, Ma Zengchun
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China.
Health Phys. 2025 Oct 1;129(4):233-244. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001957. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
The effects of different radiation doses on T and B lymphocyte functional subsets and the changes of immune cells and immune molecules were observed in mice at different times post-irradiation to provide a theoretical basis for the changes of immune cells affected by radiation. In this study, the changes of T and B immune cells and immune-related molecules were observed at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 d after single irradiation of 2 Gy, 4 Gy, and 6 Gy. The results showed that white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (LYMPH), and lymphocyte percentage (LYMPH%) in peripheral blood of mice were significantly reduced and reached the lowest point 3 d after irradiation. Flow cytometry results showed that the percentages of CD3 + T and CD8 + /CD3 + T lymphocytes in spleen and thymus were significantly decreased, and the percentages of CD19 + B lymphocytes in spleen and CD4 + /CD3 + T lymphocytes in thymus were also decreased. However, the percentages of splenic NK cells, CD4 + /CD3 + T cells, and CD4 + /CD8 + ratios in spleen and thymus were increased. Most of the indicators fell to the lowest or highest point 3 d after irradiation, indicating that immune function was suppressed at this time. From 7 to 21 d after irradiation, most immune cells gradually recovered. Single irradiation of 2 Gy, 4 Gy, and 6 Gy increased the contents of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IFN-γ in serum of mice and decreased the contents of anti-inflammatory factors IL-4 and IL-10. The serum levels of immunoglobulin IgA, IgG, IgM and complement C3, C4 were significantly increased after irradiation. Our study showed that a single dose of 2 Gy, 4 Gy, and 6 Gy induced immunosuppression in mice, and maximum immunosuppression was achieved 3 d after irradiation. At this time, CD19 + B lymphocytes were the most sensitive, followed by CD3 + T lymphocytes, and NK cells were the most resistant. The radiosensitivity of CD8 + /CD3 + T lymphocytes was slightly higher than that of CD4 + /CD3 + T lymphocytes.
观察不同辐射剂量对小鼠照射后不同时间T和B淋巴细胞功能亚群以及免疫细胞和免疫分子的变化，为辐射影响免疫细胞的变化提供理论依据。本研究观察了2 Gy、4 Gy和6 Gy单次照射后1、3、7、14和21天小鼠T和B免疫细胞及免疫相关分子的变化。结果显示，小鼠外周血白细胞（WBC）、淋巴细胞（LYMPH）及淋巴细胞百分比（LYMPH%）显著降低，照射后3天降至最低点。流式细胞术结果显示，脾脏和胸腺中CD3 + T及CD8 + /CD3 + T淋巴细胞百分比显著降低，脾脏中CD19 + B淋巴细胞及胸腺中CD4 + /CD3 + T淋巴细胞百分比也降低。然而，脾脏NK细胞、CD4 + /CD3 + T细胞百分比以及脾脏和胸腺中CD4 + /CD8 + 比值升高。大多数指标在照射后3天降至最低点或升至最高点，表明此时免疫功能受到抑制。照射后7至21天，大多数免疫细胞逐渐恢复。2 Gy、4 Gy和6 Gy单次照射使小鼠血清中IL-1β、IL-2、IL-6、IL-17、TNF-α、TGF-β和IFN-γ含量升高，抗炎因子IL-4和IL-10含量降低。照射后血清免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM及补体C3、C4水平显著升高。我们的研究表明，2 Gy、4 Gy和6 Gy单剂量照射可诱导小鼠免疫抑制，照射后3天免疫抑制作用最强。此时，CD19 + B淋巴细胞最敏感，其次是CD3 + T淋巴细胞，NK细胞最具抗性。CD8 + /CD3 + T淋巴细胞的放射敏感性略高于CD4 + /CD3 + T淋巴细胞。
