Ford Hannah, Seneviratne Udaya
Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Neurology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Pract Neurol. 2025 Sep 12;25(5):396-410. doi: 10.1136/pn-2024-004336.
Status epilepticus is a serious neurological emergency requiring swift recognition and treatment. Presentations with prominent motor features are easily recognised but it can be challenging to diagnose those with subtle or no motor features. Electroencephalogram (EEG) remains indispensable in diagnosing, classifying, monitoring and prognosticating of status epilepticus. There are several separate classification systems for seizures, epilepsy and status epilepticus, incorporating clinical features, causes and EEG correlates. This review focuses on using EEG in status epilepticus and provides a practical approach to diagnosis and classification aligning with the current International League Against Epilepsy and American Clinical Neurophysiology Society definitions.
癫痫持续状态是一种严重的神经急症，需要迅速识别和治疗。具有明显运动特征的表现容易识别，但诊断那些具有细微或无运动特征的情况可能具有挑战性。脑电图（EEG）在癫痫持续状态的诊断、分类、监测和预后评估中仍然不可或缺。癫痫发作、癫痫和癫痫持续状态有几个独立的分类系统，包括临床特征、病因和脑电图相关性。本综述重点关注脑电图在癫痫持续状态中的应用，并提供一种与当前国际抗癫痫联盟和美国临床神经生理学会定义相一致的诊断和分类实用方法。
