Yuan Jigui, Gu Wei, Yang Haijie, Wang Mei
College of Marine Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.
College of Life Sciences and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 31;15(1):3915. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81894-x.
Mangrove ecosystems play a crucial role in coastal environment by stabilizing shorelines, reducing erosion, and providing habitat for diverse wildlife. However, there are fewer studies on the genetic management of mangrove plants. In this study, the chloroplast genome of Hibiscus tiliaceus L. was obtained through whole genome resequencing. The complete chloroplast genome of this species was 161,764 bp in length and comprised 84 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA (ribosomal RNA) genes, 37 tRNA (transfer RNA) genes. We conducted a comparative analysis of the chloroplast genomes of 26 mangrove species and found the conservation of genome structure among these mangrove plants, including the number of protein-coding genes, rRNA genes, and tRNA genes. However, there were noticeable differences in the number of SSRs (simple sequence repeats), the number of repeat sequences, and the borders of the IR (inverted repeat) regions, indicating genetic differentiation among mangrove plants. Besides, we found special differences in the distribution of certain genes in chloroplast genomes of certain species. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast genome data clearly revealed that neither true mangrove plants nor semi-mangrove plants were monophyletic. These results revealed that chloroplast genomes will be useful to help understand the genetic differentiation and phylogenetic relationships of mangrove plants, which could assist in the genetic management, conservation, and restoration of mangrove ecosystems.
红树林生态系统通过稳定海岸线、减少侵蚀以及为多样的野生动物提供栖息地，在沿海环境中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，关于红树林植物遗传管理的研究较少。在本研究中，通过全基因组重测序获得了黄槿的叶绿体基因组。该物种的完整叶绿体基因组长度为161,764 bp，包含84个蛋白质编码基因、8个rRNA（核糖体RNA）基因、37个tRNA（转运RNA）基因。我们对26种红树林物种的叶绿体基因组进行了比较分析，发现这些红树林植物的基因组结构具有保守性，包括蛋白质编码基因、rRNA基因和tRNA基因的数量。然而，在简单序列重复（SSR）的数量、重复序列的数量以及反向重复（IR）区域的边界方面存在明显差异，这表明红树林植物之间存在遗传分化。此外，我们发现某些物种叶绿体基因组中特定基因的分布存在特殊差异。而且，基于叶绿体基因组数据的系统发育分析清楚地表明，真正的红树林植物和半红树林植物都不是单系的。这些结果表明，叶绿体基因组将有助于理解红树林植物的遗传分化和系统发育关系，这有助于红树林生态系统的遗传管理、保护和恢复。
