Li Sihan, Wu Zhan, Zhang Miaoquan, Xu Jianping, Jin Zheyu, Gan Yongping, Xu Zhihong, Wang Qingli, Zhang Wenkui, Xia Yang, He Xinping, Zhang Jun
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
Huzhou Fire and Rescue Administration, Huzhou, 313099, China.
Chemistry. 2025 Mar 20;31(17):e202404461. doi: 10.1002/chem.202404461. Epub 2025 Feb 10.
In recent years, lithium-ion batteries have become an important part of the global transition to green and low-carbon energy. However, due to the rapidly increasing demand and production of lithium-ion batteries, there is a large amount of spent batteries that need to be disposed of. The most critical and valuable recycling of spent batteries is the recycling of cathode materials. Pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy are traditional recycling processes aimed at extracting valuable metal elements from cathode materials. However, these methods have several disadvantages, including destruction of the structure of cathode materials, lengthy repair processes, high energy consumption and high environmental pollution. The direct recycling process is a popular repair technology for cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries. The aim is to restore or upgrade the cathode materials in a non-destructive manner or convert them into other functional products for secondary use, characterized by a short repair process, high atom utilization, lower costs and lower carbon emissions. This perspective summarizes the current status of lithium-ion battery recycling, with a focus on direct recycling of cathode materials. It describes the pretreatment process, theoretical foundations, direct regeneration strategies and perspectives and provides insights for relevant researchers.
近年来，锂离子电池已成为全球向绿色低碳能源转型的重要组成部分。然而，由于锂离子电池的需求和产量迅速增长，有大量废旧电池需要处理。废旧电池最关键且有价值的回收是正极材料的回收。火法冶金和湿法冶金是旨在从正极材料中提取有价值金属元素的传统回收工艺。然而，这些方法存在几个缺点，包括破坏正极材料的结构、修复过程冗长、能源消耗高和环境污染严重。直接回收工艺是一种用于锂离子电池正极材料的热门修复技术。其目的是以无损方式恢复或升级正极材料，或将它们转化为其他功能性产品以供二次使用，其特点是修复过程短、原子利用率高、成本较低且碳排放较低。本文综述了锂离子电池回收的现状，重点关注正极材料的直接回收。它描述了预处理过程、理论基础、直接再生策略和前景，并为相关研究人员提供了见解。
