Effects of L*a*b* color parameters on perceived smile attractiveness.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Despite the importance of tooth color in smile esthetics, an understanding of how specific changes in L*, a*, and b* color parameters affect perceived smile attractiveness across different tooth positions is lacking. Additionally, the influence of evaluator characteristics on color perception remains unclear, making it challenging for clinicians to optimize color selection for anterior dental restorations.

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between color parameter changes, tooth positions, and attractiveness scores while considering the moderating effects of evaluator background, sex, and age.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The methodology involved using an imaging software program (Adobe Photoshop) to match the L*, a*, and b* values of central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines with the Vita 3D master color guide. By adjusting the colors based on the 26 color blocks of the guide, 26 images were created for evaluation. Dental students and nondental adults provided demographic information and rated the smile attractiveness of each picture on a scale of 0 to 10.

RESULTS

Changes in the 3 color parameters (Lab*) of anterior teeth significantly affected smile attractiveness (all P<.001), with the L* value having the greatest impact (coefficient=-0.78, P<.001). The rater's professional background (P<.001), sex (P=.003), and age (P=.001) played significant roles in moderating color perception and attractiveness evaluation. The study included 80 senior dental students (dental student group).

CONCLUSIONS

Changes in the L*, a*, and b* color parameters of anterior teeth significantly affected smile attractiveness (P<.001), with the L* value having the greatest impact. Color changes in central incisors showed the strongest effect on attractiveness scores, followed by those in canines and lateral incisors (P<.001). The professional background, sex, and age of evaluators significantly moderated color perception and attractiveness evaluation (P<.01), with dental students and female evaluators showing greater sensitivity to color changes.