加纳宽松堕胎法的相关知识以及育龄妇女对现代避孕方法的使用情况。

Knowledge of Ghana's liberal abortion law and use of modern contraceptives among women of reproductive age.

作者信息

Kumbeni Maxwell Tii, Luck Jeff, Harvey S Marie

机构信息

School of Nutrition and Public Health, College of Health, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA.

出版信息

Reprod Health. 2025 Feb 1;22(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s12978-025-01957-8.

DOI:10.1186/s12978-025-01957-8

PMID:39893401

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11787755/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Modern contraceptives have been widely promoted as an effective tool for birth control. They are highly effective for preventing unintended pregnancies thereby reducing the risk of abortions, maternal morbidities, and mortalities. Abortion or planned abstinence from sexual intercourse may be perceived as alternatives to the use of modern contraceptives. The aim of this study was to assess whether knowledge of the legal status of abortion, and knowledge of the monthly fertile period, were associated with the use of modern contraceptives among women of reproductive age in Ghana.

METHODS

We used nationally representative secondary data from the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey. A weighted sample of 23,466 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years were included in the study. Pearson chi-square and multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted to assess the association between the independent and the outcomes variables. Sampling weight, cluster, and strata were applied at all levels of the analysis.

RESULTS

More than half (55.4%) lived in urban area, 80.1% were 20 years or older, 52.2% were multiparous women, 61.9% had secondary or higher education, and 34.5% were in the lower two wealth quintiles. We found no statistically significant association between knowledge of the legal status of abortion and use of modern contraceptives, or between knowledge of the monthly fertile period and use of modern contraceptives. Women with history of an induced abortion were 1.57 times as likely to use modern contraceptives compared to those with no history [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.57, 95% CI 1.41-1.75]. Each additional increase in knowledge of a different modern contraceptive method was associated with 1.25 times increase in modern contraceptive use (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.22-1.29).

CONCLUSIONS

Intensifying education on modern contraceptive methods and use, especially at abortion facilities, may help improve the uptake of modern contraceptives among women in Ghana.

摘要

背景

现代避孕方法已被广泛推广为一种有效的节育工具。它们在预防意外怀孕方面非常有效，从而降低了堕胎、孕产妇发病率和死亡率的风险。堕胎或计划禁欲可能被视为使用现代避孕方法的替代选择。本研究的目的是评估在加纳育龄妇女中，对堕胎法律地位的了解以及对每月排卵期的了解是否与现代避孕方法的使用有关。

方法

我们使用了2017年加纳孕产妇健康调查具有全国代表性的二手数据。研究纳入了23466名年龄在15 - 49岁的非怀孕妇女的加权样本。进行了Pearson卡方检验和多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估自变量与结果变量之间的关联。在分析的各个层面都应用了抽样权重、聚类和分层。

结果

超过一半（55.4%）的人居住在城市地区，80.1%的人年龄在20岁及以上，52.2%为经产妇，61.9%拥有中学或更高学历，34.5%处于最低的两个财富五分位数。我们发现，对堕胎法律地位的了解与现代避孕方法的使用之间，以及对每月排卵期的了解与现代避孕方法的使用之间，均无统计学上的显著关联。与无人工流产史的妇女相比，有过人工流产史的妇女使用现代避孕方法的可能性高1.57倍[调整后的优势比（aOR）为1.57，95%置信区间为1.41 - 1.75]。对不同现代避孕方法的了解每增加一项，现代避孕方法的使用就会增加1.25倍（aOR为1.25，95%置信区间为1.22 - 1.29）。