Martin Chelsea, Osterhout Kathryn, Shore Erin, Delong Randi, Mihalik Johna, Kucera Kristen
National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Sports Health. 2025 Feb 2:19417381251314019. doi: 10.1177/19417381251314019.
Research on catastrophic injuries and medical conditions among majority girls' and women's sports are underrepresented. In this study, we describe the incidence, characteristics, and mechanisms of severe softball injuries/medical conditions between 2014 and 2021.
Catastrophic injury and illness patterns will be observed with a higher incidence rate at the collegiate level.
Descriptive epidemiologic study.
Level 3.
Events from the National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research (NCCSIR) and National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) were included. NCCSIR included catastrophic injuries during participation in high school (HS) or college sponsored girls'/women's softball resulting in death, temporary or permanent disability, or life-threatening injury. NEISS included severe girls'/women's softball injuries (product code 5034) among 13- to 17- and 18- to 24-year-olds among severe dispositions. National estimates were derived using a weighted sample for NEISS. Counts (%) and incidence rates (IR) per 100,000 participants overall and by age level, injury/medical event, and outcome were reported.
NCCSIR captured 0.3 events per 100,000 participants (95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.5), and incidence was higher in college (IR, 2.5; 0.9-6.6) compared with HS (IR, 0.1; 0.1-0.4). Sudden cardiac arrest was the most common event (5, 63%), and 2 (25%) fatalities were reported. NEISS captured 10.2 events per 100,000 participants (9.7-10.8). Incidence was higher in 18- to 24-year-olds (IR, 8.9; 8.3-9.6) compared with 13- to 17-year-olds (IR, 4.2; 3.8-4.6), and no fatalities were captured.
Collegiate and 18- to 24-year-old athletes demonstrated a higher incidence of severe injuries than HS and 13- to 17-year-old athletes across both surveillance systems. NEISS captured a higher incidence of catastrophic events than NCCSIR. NCCSIR observed more cardiac events, whereas NEISS observed more head/face injuries.
Continued monitoring of severe injuries and medical events in softball is necessary to support response and prevention measures.
关于大多数女子体育项目中的灾难性损伤和医疗状况的研究较少。在本研究中，我们描述了2014年至2021年间垒球严重损伤/医疗状况的发生率、特征及机制。
在大学级别观察到的灾难性损伤和疾病模式的发生率更高。
描述性流行病学研究。
3级。
纳入了国家灾难性运动损伤研究中心（NCCSIR）和国家电子损伤监测系统（NEISS）的事件。NCCSIR包括在高中（HS）或大学主办的女子垒球比赛中发生的导致死亡、暂时或永久残疾或危及生命的灾难性损伤。NEISS包括13至17岁以及18至24岁严重受伤情况下的严重女子垒球损伤（产品代码5034）。使用NEISS的加权样本得出全国估计数。报告了每10万名参与者总体以及按年龄组、损伤/医疗事件和结果分类的计数（%）和发生率（IR）。
NCCSIR记录到每10万名参与者中有0.3起事件（95%置信区间，0.1 - 0.5），大学中的发生率（IR，2.5；0.9 - 6.6）高于高中（IR，0.1；0.1 - 0.4）。心脏骤停是最常见的事件（5起，63%），报告了2起（25%）死亡事件。NEISS记录到每10万名参与者中有10.2起事件（9.7 - 10.8）。18至24岁人群的发生率（IR，8.9；8.3 - 9.6）高于13至17岁人群（IR，4.2；3.8 - 4.6），未记录到死亡事件。
在两个监测系统中，大学以及18至24岁的运动员比高中和13至17岁的运动员严重损伤发生率更高。NEISS记录的灾难性事件发生率高于NCCSIR。NCCSIR观察到更多心脏事件，而NEISS观察到更多头部/面部损伤。
持续监测垒球运动中的严重损伤和医疗事件对于支持应对和预防措施是必要的。
