Ghavidel Amir, Eceiza Arantxa, Xie Xinfeng, Hosseinpourpia Reza
School of Engineering, University of Northern British Columbia, 499 George Street, Prince George V2L1R7, British Columbia, Canada.
Materials + Technologies' Group, Chemical & Environmental Engineering Department, Polytechnic College of San Sebastian, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Pza. Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
ACS Omega. 2025 Jan 15;10(3):2996-3005. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c09540. eCollection 2025 Jan 28.
Recently, wood modification with environmentally friendly modification agents has received special attention. To this end, this study was conducted to use humin fractions, in combination with citric acid (CA) and succinic acid (SA), as reaction catalysts for the modification of Scots pine ( L.) sapwood. The effects of humination modification were evaluated by means of dimensional stability, static and dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability, crystalline structure, and biological durability tests on modified samples and compared with the unmodified reference ones. According to the results, the dimensional stability of the huminated samples significantly increased, and this increase with the presence of catalysts was higher than the sole humin-modified samples. The static mechanical properties were considerably improved by 17-24% in the modulus of rupture (MOR) and by 11-12% in the modulus of elasticity (MOE). An apparent increase in the storage modulus of huminated wood was also determined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Although the thermal degradation of the samples was slightly shifted to lower temperatures after humination, the modification effect was more pronounced on the residual mass retention compared to the unmodified samples. The biological durability against white and brown rot fungi was also significantly improved by the humination modification. Overall, the humination modification showed huge potential as a green approach to enhance the wood properties for outdoor applications.
近年来，使用环保型改性剂对木材进行改性受到了特别关注。为此，本研究采用腐殖质组分，结合柠檬酸（CA）和琥珀酸（SA），作为改性苏格兰松边材的反应催化剂。通过对改性样品进行尺寸稳定性、静态和动态力学性能、热稳定性、晶体结构以及生物耐久性测试，评估了腐殖质改性的效果，并与未改性的参考样品进行了比较。结果表明，腐殖质改性样品的尺寸稳定性显著提高，并且在催化剂存在的情况下，这种提高高于仅进行腐殖质改性的样品。静态力学性能有显著改善，抗弯强度（MOR）提高了17 - 24%，弹性模量（MOE）提高了11 - 12%。动态力学分析（DMA）也确定了腐殖质化木材的储能模量明显增加。尽管腐殖质化后样品的热降解略微向较低温度偏移，但与未改性样品相比，改性对残余质量保留的影响更为显著。腐殖质改性对抵抗白腐菌和褐腐菌的生物耐久性也有显著提高。总体而言，腐殖质改性作为一种绿色方法，在增强木材用于户外应用的性能方面显示出巨大潜力。
