Han Gang, Ma Yan, Zhang Zhongliang, Wang Yuxin
School of Management, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
The State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
PeerJ Comput Sci. 2025 Jan 23;11:e2653. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.2653. eCollection 2025.
Patient privacy data security is a pivotal area of research within the burgeoning field of smart healthcare. This study proposes an innovative hybrid blockchain-based framework for the secure sharing of electronic medical record (EMR) data. Unlike traditional privacy protection schemes, our approach employs a novel tripartite blockchain architecture that segregates healthcare data across distinct blockchains for patients and healthcare providers while introducing a separate social blockchain to enable privacy-preserving data sharing with authorized external entities. This structure enhances both security and transparency while fostering collaborative efforts across different stakeholders. To address the inherent complexity of managing multiple blockchains, a unique cross-chain signature algorithm is introduced, based on the Boneh-Lynn-Shacham (BLS) signature aggregation technique. This algorithm not only streamlines the signature process across chains but also strengthens system security and optimizes storage efficiency, addressing a key challenge in multi-chain systems. Additionally, our external sharing algorithm resolves the prevalent issue of medical data silos by facilitating better data categorization and enabling selective, secure external sharing through the social blockchain. Security analyses and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme offers superior security, storage optimization, and flexibility compared to existing solutions, making it a robust choice for safeguarding patient data in smart healthcare environments.
患者隐私数据安全是蓬勃发展的智能医疗领域中一个关键的研究领域。本研究提出了一种基于区块链的创新混合框架，用于电子病历（EMR）数据的安全共享。与传统的隐私保护方案不同，我们的方法采用了一种新颖的三方区块链架构，该架构将医疗数据隔离在针对患者和医疗服务提供者的不同区块链中，同时引入一个单独的社交区块链，以实现与授权外部实体的隐私保护数据共享。这种结构增强了安全性和透明度，同时促进了不同利益相关者之间的协作。为了解决管理多个区块链的固有复杂性，基于Boneh-Lynn-Shacham（BLS）签名聚合技术引入了一种独特的跨链签名算法。该算法不仅简化了跨链签名过程，还增强了系统安全性并优化了存储效率，解决了多链系统中的一个关键挑战。此外，我们的外部共享算法通过促进更好的数据分类并通过社交区块链实现选择性、安全的外部共享，解决了普遍存在的医疗数据孤岛问题。安全分析和实验结果表明，与现有解决方案相比，该方案具有更高的安全性、存储优化和灵活性，使其成为智能医疗环境中保护患者数据的有力选择。
