Jadoul Mathilde, Albert Adelin, Maes Nathalie, Poirrier Robert, Poirrier Anne-Lise, Bruwier Annick
Orthodontic and Dentofacial Orthopedic Department Liege University Hospital Liege Belgium.
B-STAT, Department of Medico-Economic Information Liege University Hospital Liege Belgium.
Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol. 2025 Jan 31;10(1):e70061. doi: 10.1002/lio2.70061. eCollection 2025 Feb.
The obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome with its various phenotypes, as assessed by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), has become a major public health issue. While physicians are regularly faced with a variety of patients with OSA complaints, they may not be aware that OSA in nonobese young adults remains a largely underinvestigated topic. It is hypothesized that, in these subjects, facial bone volumes are smaller than in healthy adults.
This cross-sectional, nonrandomized, controlled study was designed to compare the 3D cephalometric analysis of bone and craniofacial soft tissues in a group of 23 nonobese apneic (AHI ≥ 15), young (18-35 years) adults and in a control group of 23 nonapneic (AHI < 15) healthy subjects by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). All subjects were Caucasian and underwent a sleep examination in the Sleep Clinic of the University Hospital of Liege.
The two groups were comparable except for age and medications. The maxillary bone volume (23.2 ± 4.6 cm vs. 24.8 ± 2.9 cm) and the mandibular bone volume (44.0 ± 6.4 cm vs. 46.9 ± 5.2 cm) adjusted for demographic and biometric characteristics were significantly smaller in OSA subjects than in controls. OSA subjects had also a smaller angle of the maxillary diagonals (95.3 ± 13.9° vs. 106 ± 15.9°) and, at the mandible, a narrower width (90.8 ± 8.0 mm vs. 95.1 ± 5.3 mm), a wider gonial angle (119.9 ± 5.5° vs. 116.5 ± 4.4°), a longer ramus (51.2 ± 6.6 mm vs. 47.3 ± 5.0 mm), and a shorter corpus (74.1 ± 10.3 mm vs. 78.9 ± 5.8 mm) than controls.
Craniofacial structures that most discerned apneic subjects from controls were the maxillary and mandible bone volumes. An overly narrow maxilla and a postero-rotating mandible were also associated with OSA.
III.
NCT06022679.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）综合征及其各种表型，通过呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）评估，已成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。虽然医生经常面对各种有OSA主诉的患者，但他们可能没有意识到非肥胖年轻成年人中的OSA在很大程度上仍是一个研究不足的课题。据推测，在这些受试者中，面部骨体积比健康成年人小。
本横断面、非随机对照研究旨在通过锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）比较23名非肥胖呼吸暂停（AHI≥15）、年轻（18 - 35岁）成年人组和23名非呼吸暂停（AHI < 15）健康受试者对照组的骨和颅面软组织的三维头影测量分析。所有受试者均为白种人，在列日大学医院睡眠诊所接受了睡眠检查。
除年龄和用药情况外，两组具有可比性。经人口统计学和生物统计学特征调整后，OSA受试者的上颌骨体积（23.2±4.6cm³对24.8±2.9cm³）和下颌骨体积（44.0±6.4cm³对46.9±5.2cm³）明显小于对照组。OSA受试者的上颌对角线角度也较小（95.3±13.9°对106±15.9°），在下颌处，宽度更窄（90.8±8.0mm对95.1±5.3mm），下颌角更宽（119.9±5.5°对116.5±4.4°），升支更长（51.2±6.6mm对47.3±5.0mm），体部更短（74.1±10.3mm对78.9±5.8mm）。
区分呼吸暂停受试者和对照组最明显的颅面结构是上颌骨和下颌骨体积。上颌过窄和下颌后旋也与OSA有关。
III级。
NCT06022679。
