Kumar Mohit, Kumar Sanjay, Maqbool Masood, Singh Vinit Kumar, Soni Amit Kumar
Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Dept. of Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health Amritsar, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Indian J Psychol Med. 2025 Jan 30:02537176241312646. doi: 10.1177/02537176241312646.
Cognitive deficits in bipolar affective disorder (BPAD), particularly during manic episodes, are well-documented. However, research on domain-specific memory impairments in bipolar mania is limited, especially in the Indian subcontinent. This study aimed to assess memory impairments in individuals with bipolar disorder using the Postgraduate Institute Memory (PGI-Memory) scale and to highlight domain-specific deficits compared to healthy controls.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center in North India. Twenty subjects diagnosed with bipolar mania and 20 age, sex, and education-matched healthy controls between the ages of 18 and 40 were recruited. Memory functions were assessed using the PGI-Memory scale. Mental control and working memory were also evaluated.
Both groups were matched in terms of age, sex, and education. Individuals with bipolar disorder demonstrated significant deficits in various memory domains, including immediate ( = 1.47), recent ( = 0.93), remote ( = 1.58), long-term ( = 2.37), and associative memory (similar pairs: = 1.4, dissimilar pairs: = 1.84,), as well as in visual reproduction ( = 2.3) and recognition tasks ( = 1.54). In contrast, their working memory performance was comparable to that of the control group. The largest deficits were observed in long-term memory, visual reproduction, and associative memory.
Bipolar mania is associated with widespread memory impairments, particularly in long-term and associative memory, which may contribute to difficulties in emotional regulation and daily functioning. These findings emphasize the importance of considering memory impairments in the diagnosis and management of BPAD. Further studies are required to investigate the neurobiological foundations of these impairments and to develop specific interventions.
双相情感障碍（BPAD）中的认知缺陷，尤其是在躁狂发作期间，已有充分记录。然而，关于双相躁狂中特定领域记忆损害的研究有限，特别是在印度次大陆。本研究旨在使用研究生医学教育记忆（PGI - 记忆）量表评估双相情感障碍患者的记忆损害，并突出与健康对照相比的特定领域缺陷。
本横断面研究在印度北部的一家三级护理中心进行。招募了20名被诊断为双相躁狂的受试者以及20名年龄、性别和教育程度匹配的18至40岁健康对照。使用PGI - 记忆量表评估记忆功能。还评估了心理控制和工作记忆。
两组在年龄、性别和教育程度方面相匹配。双相情感障碍患者在各个记忆领域表现出显著缺陷，包括即刻记忆（= 1.47）、近期记忆（= 0.93）、远期记忆（= 1.58）、长期记忆（= 2.37）和联想记忆（相似对：= 1.4，不同对：= 1.84），以及视觉再现（= 2.3）和识别任务（= 1.54）。相比之下，他们的工作记忆表现与对照组相当。在长期记忆、视觉再现和联想记忆中观察到最大的缺陷。
双相躁狂与广泛的记忆损害相关，特别是在长期和联想记忆方面，这可能导致情绪调节和日常功能方面的困难。这些发现强调了在BPAD的诊断和管理中考虑记忆损害的重要性。需要进一步研究来调查这些损害的神经生物学基础并制定具体干预措施。
