Treatment of hospital wastewater by anodic oxidation using a new approach made by combining rotation with pulsed electric current on Cu-SnO-SbO rotating cylinder anode.

A high-efficiency, low-cost Cu-SnO-SbO anode was prepared using a novel approach that combines the effects of rotation with pulsed current. The effects of operating variables such as rotation speed (50-250 rpm), pulsed current density (5-20 mA/cm), and electrodepostion time (30-60 min) on the morphology and activity of Cu-SnO-SbO anode were investigated. The structure of Cu-SnO-SbO anode was examined by SEM, EDS, and XRD techniques. The results showed that using higher rotation speed combined with pulsed current gave better properties of Cu-SnO-SbO anode in terms of higher oxidation activity and longer service life time. The optimum conditions for preparing Cu-SnO-SbO anode were a pulsed current density of 10 mA/cm, rotation speed of 250 rpm, and deposition time of 60 min. The prepared anode has the ability to remove methylene blue (MB) with an efficiency of 99.7 %. It has an excellent service life of 30 h. Additionally, the prepared anode has the potential to remove COD from hospital wastewater with 85 % efficiency by applying a current density of 10 mA/cm for 120 min at an initial pH of 3 where an energy consumption of 2.85 kWh/kg was claimed. The novel approach of combining rotation with pulsed electric current in preparing Cu-SnO-SbO anode offers enhanced methylene blue degradation efficiency and extended anode life, demonstrating potential for industrial-scale hospital wastewater treatment.