Soomro Waheed Ali, Khuhawar Muhammad Yar, Jahangir Taj Muhammad, Lanjwani Muhammad Farooque, Bhatti Zulfiqar Ali, Brohi Rafi-U-Zaman, Rind Imran Khan
Institute of Advanced Research Studies Chemical Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
Dr. M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
Environ Monit Assess. 2025 Feb 4;197(3):235. doi: 10.1007/s10661-025-13684-5.
The work examines the determination of gold from environmental samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method. The method was developed for the separation and determination of Au (III) ions after chelating with bis (salicylaldehyde) ethylenediimine (HSAen) Schiff-base as derivatizing reagent. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) techniques were used for quantitation of Au (III). These techniques are sensitive and rapid for the determination of gold concentrations in ore, water and sediment samples. The influence of factors such as pH, reagent concentration, solvents (extracting) (disperser) and solvent volumes on extraction efficiency of Au (III) ions were studied and optimized by univariate and multivariate techniques. The linearity of the method was in the range of 2 to 12 µg/L with R = 0.997. The limit of detection was 1 µg/L, and the limit of quantification was 3 µg/L. The preconcentration factor and enrichment factor values were 44 and 47. The repeatability (the intra-day) and reproducibility (the inter-day) precisions (n = 3) were found to be 0.417-3.56%. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of gold in sediment samples of the Indus River, Kori Barrage, goldsmith water, acidic solution of goldsmith and ornament samples collected from Goldsmith Labs and shops. The results found from FAAS were compared with those obtained from ICP-OES technique, and a good correlation with comparable selectivity and sensitivity was specified.
该研究工作考察了采用分散液液微萃取（DLLME）法从环境样品中测定金的方法。该方法是在使用双（水杨醛）乙二胺（HSAen）席夫碱作为衍生试剂与金（III）离子螯合后，用于分离和测定金（III）离子。采用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP - OES）技术对金（III）进行定量分析。这些技术对于测定矿石、水和沉积物样品中的金浓度灵敏且快速。通过单变量和多变量技术研究并优化了诸如pH值、试剂浓度、溶剂（萃取剂）（分散剂）和溶剂体积等因素对金（III）离子萃取效率的影响。该方法的线性范围为2至12μg/L，相关系数R = 0.997。检测限为1μg/L，定量限为3μg/L。预富集因子和富集因子值分别为44和47。发现重复性（日内）和再现性（日间）精密度（n = 3）为0.417 - 3.56%。所提出的方法成功应用于印度河、科里拦河坝沉积物样品、金匠用水、金匠酸性溶液以及从金匠实验室和店铺收集的饰品样品中金的测定。将FAAS法得到的结果与ICP - OES技术得到的结果进行比较，发现具有良好的相关性，且选择性和灵敏度相当。
