Elemental selenium and glutathione reductase.

Selenium is an essential trace element important to several metabolic processes, although selenium in the chemical form of elemental selenium (Se degree) is commonly believed to be biologically inert. Recent data shows that colloidal suspensions of red amorphous elemental selenium are more easily reduced than previously thought, and that such reductions can potentially take place under biological conditions. The enzyme glutathione reductase, already known to be involved in selenium metabolism, is a good candidate to mediate the reduction of colloidal selenium to hydrogen selenide (H2Se), a compound of established biological activity. The implications of this hypothesis include the possibility that elemental selenium may be biologically active at least under some conditions, and that glutathione reductase may function in selenium metabolism primarily by maintaining the glutathione concentration in a reduced state.