Mokhtari Niloofar, Majidi Mohammad Mahdi, Mirlohi Aghafakhr
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
PLoS One. 2025 Feb 6;20(2):e0316945. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316945. eCollection 2025.
Synthetic hexaploid lines are proposed as high-potential germplasm for improving bread wheat by introducing new genes (biotic and abiotic stresses) lost during common wheat evolution. A panel of 99 synthetic and common wheat was studied for quality and grain-related traits and drought tolerance under two different moisture conditions (water stress and normal) during two growing seasons. Results indicated different variations for most traits suggesting that the synthetic hexaploid wheat-derived lines (SHW-DL) panel contains valuable genes for drought tolerance improvement of wheat. Drought stress reduced morphological traits and production but increased protein (Pro), rapid mix test (RMT), and solvent retention capacity (SRC) traits. Synthetic wheat lines were superior with higher grain yield, glutenin, damaged starch, available pentosane, overall water holding capacity, and gluten strength (glutenin and gliadin strength) compared to common wheat making them more suitable for bread-baking. The results showed that solvent retention capacity had a strong capacity to differentiate the quality of wheat genotypes. Correlation analysis indicated that genetic improvement for high-yielding varieties can be achieved by producing more damaged starch, higher water absorption, hardness, and lower gluten strength, and zeleny (ZEL). Selection of superior genotypes using univariate and multivariate methods will be discussed.
合成六倍体系被认为是一种具有高潜力的种质资源，可通过引入普通小麦进化过程中丢失的新基因（生物和非生物胁迫相关基因）来改良面包小麦。在两个生长季节的两种不同水分条件（水分胁迫和正常）下，对一组99个合成小麦和普通小麦进行了品质、籽粒相关性状及耐旱性研究。结果表明，大多数性状存在不同变异，这表明合成六倍体小麦衍生系（SHW-DL）群体包含用于提高小麦耐旱性的宝贵基因。干旱胁迫降低了形态性状和产量，但增加了蛋白质（Pro）、快速混合试验（RMT）和溶剂保持能力（SRC）性状。与普通小麦相比，合成小麦品系具有更高的籽粒产量、谷蛋白、破损淀粉、戊聚糖、总持水能力和面筋强度（谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白强度），使其更适合制作面包。结果表明，溶剂保持能力具有很强的区分小麦基因型品质的能力。相关性分析表明，通过产生更多的破损淀粉、更高的吸水率、硬度以及更低的面筋强度和泽连尼沉降值（ZEL），可以实现高产小麦品种的遗传改良。将讨论使用单变量和多变量方法选择优良基因型的问题。
