Genton E
Postgrad Med. 1985 May 1;77(6):109-12, 116. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1985.11698984.
Thrombosis is a common feature of cardiac diseases. In valvular heart disease, anticoagulant therapy is recommended to prevent an initial embolic episode in high-risk patients or recurrent episodes in patients who have had an embolic event. Prophylaxis is recommended for patients over age 40. For patients with prosthetic heart valves, chronic anticoagulant therapy is recommended immediately after surgery, followed by long-term use of oral anticoagulants. Moderate doses of subcutaneous or intravenous heparin should be given for at least two weeks in patients with acute transmural infarction, unstable angina, or sudden cardiac arrest. In addition, anticoagulation is currently recommended for use in patients with chronic cardiomyopathy associated with congestive heart failure or atrial fibrillation.
血栓形成是心脏病的常见特征。在心脏瓣膜病中，对于高危患者，推荐进行抗凝治疗以预防首次栓塞事件，对于有栓塞事件的患者，则用于预防复发。建议对40岁以上的患者进行预防。对于人工心脏瓣膜患者，建议术后立即进行长期慢性抗凝治疗，随后长期使用口服抗凝剂。对于急性透壁性心肌梗死、不稳定型心绞痛或心脏骤停患者，应给予中等剂量的皮下或静脉注射肝素至少两周。此外，目前建议对伴有充血性心力衰竭或心房颤动的慢性心肌病患者使用抗凝治疗。
