Jensen Christina Bisgaard, Hansen Kristoffer Torp, Nielsen Casper Mailund, Hansen Stefan Nygaard, Nielsen Henrik, Rask Charlotte Ulrikka, Fink Per, Dantoft Thomas Meinertz, Jørgensen Torben, Bech Bodil Hammer, Thysen Sanne Møller, Rytter Dorte
Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, Aarhus, DK-8000, Denmark.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, DK-9100, Denmark.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2025 Feb;40(2):225-233. doi: 10.1007/s10654-025-01204-1. Epub 2025 Feb 7.
BiCoVac is a population-based Danish cohort aiming to examine whether Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines are associated with non-specific symptoms beyond the specific protection of COVID-19. Data were collected by four questionnaire surveys between May 2021 and July 2022 and the questionnaire distribution was aligned with the Danish COVID-19 vaccination program. All surveys collected self-reported information on symptoms (e.g., headache, nausea, and fatigue). The baseline survey additionally gathered information on lifestyle and health. Survey data were combined with data from the Danish registers including information on COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 test results. A total of 911,613 (25% of all Danish citizens aged 16 to 65) were randomly sampled for the cohort and 252,401 initiated the baseline questionnaire. Of these, 59% (n = 149,070) participated in the 1st follow-up, 43% (n = 107,655) in the 2nd follow-up, and 25% (n = 63,737) in the 3rd follow-up. Women and individuals above 40 years of age were more likely to participate. Among vaccinated respondents, 25-38% reported moderate to severe immediate symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination, varying by vaccine doses. Females, younger individuals, and those with prior COVID-19 reported more immediate symptoms. Results of potential non-specific symptoms following COVID-19 vaccination did not reveal higher risk of involuntary movements among vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated individuals. Currently (December 2024), we are further investigating the effects of COVID-19 vaccines on other non-specific symptoms and exploring whether specific characteristics render some individuals more susceptible to report non-specific symptoms. In addition, long-term symptoms following COVID-19 are being investigated.
BiCoVac是一项基于丹麦人群的队列研究，旨在研究2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗除了对COVID-19具有特异性保护作用外，是否还与非特异性症状有关。在2021年5月至2022年7月期间通过四次问卷调查收集数据，问卷分发与丹麦的COVID-19疫苗接种计划一致。所有调查均收集了关于症状（如头痛、恶心和疲劳）的自我报告信息。基线调查还收集了生活方式和健康方面的信息。调查数据与丹麦登记处的数据相结合，包括COVID-19疫苗接种信息和COVID-19检测结果。该队列共随机抽取了911,613人（占所有16至65岁丹麦公民的25%），252,401人开始填写基线问卷。其中，59%（n = 149,070）参与了第一次随访，43%（n = 107,655）参与了第二次随访，25%（n = 63,737）参与了第三次随访。女性和40岁以上的人更有可能参与。在接种疫苗的受访者中，25%-38%报告在接种COVID-19疫苗后出现中度至重度即时症状，因疫苗剂量而异。女性、年轻人和既往感染过COVID-19的人报告的即时症状更多。COVID-19疫苗接种后潜在非特异性症状的结果显示，与未接种疫苗的个体相比，接种疫苗的个体出现不自主运动的风险并未更高。目前（2024年12月），我们正在进一步研究COVID-19疫苗对其他非特异性症状的影响，并探索特定特征是否使一些个体更容易报告非特异性症状。此外，正在对COVID-19后的长期症状进行调查。
