豆科植物作为寄生植物的寄主，其质量差异很大：根半寄生植物高鼻花与30种豆科植物之间的相互作用。

Legumes vary strongly in their quality as hosts for parasitic plants: interactions between the root hemiparasite Rhinanthus alectorolophus and 30 legume species.

作者信息

Moncalvillo B, Sandner T M, Matthies D

机构信息

Plant Ecology, Department of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany.

出版信息

Ann Bot. 2025 Jul 14;135(6):1147-1164. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcaf023.

DOI:10.1093/aob/mcaf023

PMID:39918889

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Host identity can strongly affect the performance of root hemiparasitic plants. Legumes have frequently been observed to be particularly beneficial hosts and it has been suggested that they are in general good hosts due to their association with rhizobia, but exceptions have been observed.

METHODS

We studied the interactions of the root hemiparasite Rhinanthus alectorolophus with 30 legume species. We related parasite performance and morphology to traits of uninfected hosts and the number and size of haustoria. We also analysed sections of haustoria quantitatively using morphometrics.

KEY RESULTS

There was enormous variation in the biomass and other traits of R. alectorolophus with the different legume species. The suitability of a legume species as a host had a significant phylogenetic component (Pagel's λ = 0.51). Parasite performance increased with the biomass of uninfected hosts. In contrast, host root traits explained little of the variation in parasite performance and there was no anatomical evidence of defence against infection. Parasite biomass was very strongly and positively related to the number of haustoria formed, but part of the variation due to host identity could not be explained by the host traits studied and the number of haustoria, suggesting a role for variation in the quality of compounds provided by the hosts. Damage to the hosts increased with mean parasite mass, but some legumes were tolerant of parasite attack. Sensitivity of the hosts to parasitism showed only a very weak phylogenetic signal (λ < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Legumes are not universally good hosts for root hemiparasites. Instead their quality as hosts ranges from very beneficial to very poor. Moreover, clades within the legumes differ in their suitability as hosts for hemiparasites. Parasites grow best with fast-growing legumes that quickly produce large root systems with which many and large haustoria are formed.

摘要

背景

宿主身份会强烈影响根半寄生植物的表现。人们经常观察到豆科植物是特别有益的宿主，并且有人提出，由于它们与根瘤菌的关联，它们总体上是良好的宿主，但也观察到了例外情况。

方法

我们研究了根半寄生植物高鼻花（Rhinanthus alectorolophus）与30种豆科植物的相互作用。我们将寄生植物的表现和形态与未感染宿主的特征以及吸器的数量和大小联系起来。我们还使用形态计量学对吸器切片进行了定量分析。

关键结果

高鼻花与不同豆科植物相互作用时，其生物量和其他特征存在巨大差异。豆科植物作为宿主的适宜性具有显著的系统发育成分（佩格尔氏λ = 0.51）。寄生植物的表现随着未感染宿主的生物量增加而提高。相比之下，宿主根系特征对寄生植物表现变化的解释很少，并且没有解剖学证据表明存在对感染的防御。寄生植物生物量与形成的吸器数量呈非常强的正相关，但由于宿主身份导致的部分变异无法通过所研究的宿主特征和吸器数量来解释，这表明宿主提供的化合物质量变化起到了作用。宿主受到的损害随着寄生植物平均质量的增加而增加，但一些豆科植物对寄生植物的攻击具有耐受性。宿主对寄生的敏感性仅显示出非常微弱的系统发育信号（λ < 0.01）。