Chatzopoulos Georgios S, Wolff Larry F
Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, Division of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Department of Developmental and Surgical Sciences, Division of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Int Dent J. 2025 Jun;75(3):1929-1935. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2025.01.012. Epub 2025 Feb 6.
There is a lack of standardized guidelines for the prescription of antibiotics prior to implant surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different antibiotics preoperatively on dental implant treatment outcome.
This retrospective analysis involved a cohort of patients who received dental implant treatment at ten university dental clinics participating in the BigMouth network. All patients records who received antibiotic medication prior to implant surgery including amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, clindamycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and metronidazole were analysed. The treatment outcome was assessed as a binary outcome, classified as either survival or failure of the implant.
A total of 41,135 implants inserted in 17,483 individuals and followed-up for a mean time of 81 ± 52.33 months. The implant failure rate was 3% at the patient level and 1.6% at the implant level. Hispanic and non-Hispanic ethnic groups showed higher likelihood to have an implant failure than other races, as well as White and African-American races, were more likely to experience implant loss compared to Hispanic patients. Implants placed in patients who received Ciprofloxacin preoperatively showed significantly lower cumulative survival implant time than those who had amoxicillin.
Within the limitations of this retrospective study, premedication with Ciprofloxacin led to statistically significant lower implant survival time than with amoxicillin. Future prospective randomized clinical trials are needed to validate the present findings.
种植手术前抗生素处方缺乏标准化指南。本研究的目的是比较术前使用不同抗生素对牙种植治疗效果的影响。
这项回顾性分析纳入了在参与大嘴网络的十所大学牙科诊所接受牙种植治疗的一组患者。分析了所有在种植手术前接受抗生素治疗的患者记录，包括阿莫西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、克林霉素、阿奇霉素、环丙沙星、多西环素和甲硝唑。治疗效果被评估为二元结果，分为种植体存活或失败。
共对17483名个体植入41135颗种植体，平均随访时间为81±52.33个月。患者水平的种植体失败率为3%，种植体水平为1.6%。西班牙裔和非西班牙裔种族的种植体失败可能性高于其他种族，与西班牙裔患者相比，白人和非裔美国人种族更易出现种植体丢失。术前接受环丙沙星治疗的患者植入的种植体累积存活时间显著低于接受阿莫西林治疗的患者。
在这项回顾性研究的局限性内，与阿莫西林相比，术前使用环丙沙星导致种植体存活时间在统计学上显著降低。需要未来的前瞻性随机临床试验来验证目前的研究结果。
