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在未接触过疫苗的小鼠中,季节性四价流感疫苗和新冠疫苗联合接种会增强对流感病毒的免疫反应,并降低对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)的免疫反应。

Co-administration of seasonal quadrivalent influenza and COVID-19 vaccines leads to enhanced immune responses to influenza virus and reduced immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in naive mice.

作者信息

Abbad Anass, Yueh Joshua, Yellin Temima, Singh Gagandeep, Carreño Juan Manuel, Clark Jordan J, Muramatsu Hiromi, Tiwari Sachchidanand, Bhavsar Disha, Alzua Garazi Peña, Pardi Norbert, Simon Viviana, Krammer Florian

机构信息

Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VaRPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

出版信息

Vaccine. 2025 Mar 19;50:126825. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126825. Epub 2025 Feb 7.


DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2025.126825
PMID:39921982
Abstract

The ongoing co-circulation of influenza viruses and severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) presents significant public health challenges. Vaccination is a pivotal tool to tackle infections and severe disease. Administering both the influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines simultaneously could simplify vaccine delivery and is already practice in several countries. In this study, we assessed the protective efficacy and humoral immune responses elicited by concomitant administration of a quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) and the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2) in naïve BALB/c mice. We included three ways of co-administration: a) both vaccines at contralateral limbs, b) both vaccines at ipsilateral limbs and c) admixture of the two vaccines before administration. The last regimen was included since it has been shown that the lipid nanoparticles used for mRNA vaccines can also have an adjuvant effect on protein-based antigens. Notably, co-administration of QIV and COVID-19 mRNA vaccine led to significantly higher hemagglutinin inhibiting (HAI) and binding antibody titers compared to QIV only vaccination, especially in the ipsilateral and admixed groups. Conversely, ipsilateral administration and administration of an admixed vaccine had a slightly negative impact on SARS-CoV-2 binding and neutralization titers. These findings support the hypothesis that the co-administration of QIV and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines can induce robust antibody responses, which are indicative of protective immune responses against both infectious agents.

摘要

流感病毒与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)的持续共同传播带来了重大的公共卫生挑战。疫苗接种是应对感染和严重疾病的关键工具。同时接种流感疫苗和2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗可以简化疫苗接种流程,并且已经在一些国家实施。在本研究中,我们评估了在未经免疫的BALB/c小鼠中同时接种四价流感疫苗(QIV)和辉瑞- BioNTech mRNA COVID-19疫苗(BNT162b2)所引发的保护效力和体液免疫反应。我们纳入了三种联合接种方式:a)两种疫苗接种于对侧肢体,b)两种疫苗接种于同侧肢体,c)两种疫苗在接种前混合。纳入最后一种方案是因为已有研究表明,用于mRNA疫苗的脂质纳米颗粒对基于蛋白质的抗原也可能具有佐剂作用。值得注意的是,与仅接种QIV相比,QIV与COVID-19 mRNA疫苗同时接种导致血凝抑制(HAI)和结合抗体滴度显著更高,尤其是在同侧接种组和混合接种组。相反,同侧接种和混合疫苗接种对SARS-CoV-2结合和中和滴度有轻微负面影响。这些发现支持了以下假设,即QIV与COVID-19 mRNA疫苗同时接种可诱导强烈的抗体反应,这表明对两种病原体都有保护性免疫反应。

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