Ort Alexander, Bardy Tess L C
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Frohburgstrasse 3, CH-6002 Lucerne, Switzerland.
Groupe Mutuel Insurance, Rue des Cèdres 5, CH-1920, Martigny, Switzerland.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2025 May 29;47(2):364-374. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf013.
This study aimed to validate the Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Personal Obstacle Scale (PPOS) across English, German, and French (PPOS-EN/DE/FR) for men who have sex with men (MSM). The PPOS measures perceived barriers related to knowledge and uncertainty surrounding PrEP use, which are particularly important factors in the early stages of the PrEP Care Continuum (PCC).
The original PPOS was adapted and translated into German and French. Data were collected through an online survey in four European countries (N = 1124). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed the factor structure, while multigroup CFA (MGCFA) tested measurement invariance across language groups and adoption statuses.
EFA revealed a two-factor structure: (i) "Impact of PrEP on personal health" and (ii) "Knowledge about PrEP." CFA confirmed this structure, and measurement invariance was established across languages and adoption statuses with high reliability (α = 0·82, ω = 0·82).
The PPOS-EN/DE/FR is a valid and reliable tool for assessing personal obstacles to PrEP uptake among MSM across different languages. It supports public health efforts by identifying specific challenges to PrEP adoption, facilitating culturally sensitive interventions to improve uptake and reduce HIV transmission.
本研究旨在验证男男性行为者（MSM）的英文、德文和法文版暴露前预防个人障碍量表（PPOS-EN/DE/FR）。PPOS测量与暴露前预防（PrEP）使用相关的知识和不确定性方面的感知障碍，这些是PrEP照护连续体（PCC）早期阶段的特别重要因素。
对原始的PPOS进行改编并翻译成德文和法文。通过在四个欧洲国家开展的在线调查收集数据（N = 1124）。探索性因子分析（EFA）和验证性因子分析（CFA）评估因子结构，而多组CFA（MGCFA）检验不同语言组和采用状态间的测量不变性。
EFA揭示了一个两因子结构：（i）“PrEP对个人健康的影响”和（ii）“关于PrEP的知识”。CFA证实了这一结构，并且在不同语言和采用状态间建立了具有高信度的测量不变性（α = 0·82，ω = 0·82）。
PPOS-EN/DE/FR是评估不同语言MSM接受PrEP的个人障碍的有效且可靠工具。它通过识别PrEP采用的具体挑战，促进具有文化敏感性的干预措施以提高接受率并减少HIV传播，从而支持公共卫生工作。
