Roy Arpita, Afshari Ronak, Jain Saumya, Zheng Yuting, Lin Min-Hsuan, Zenkar Shea, Yin Junyi, Chen Jun, Peppas Nicholas A, Annabi Nasim
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, USA.
Chem Soc Rev. 2025 Mar 3;54(5):2595-2652. doi: 10.1039/d4cs00220b.
Recent advancements in wearable biosensors and bioelectronics have led to innovative designs for personalized health management devices, with biocompatible conducting nanocomposite hydrogels emerging as a promising building block for soft electronics engineering. In this review, we provide a comprehensive framework for advancing biosensors using these engineered nanocomposite hydrogels, highlighting their unique properties such as high electrical conductivity, flexibility, self-healing, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunable architecture, broadening their biomedical applications. We summarize key properties of nanocomposite hydrogels for thermal, biomechanical, electrophysiological, and biochemical sensing applications on the human body, recent progress in nanocomposite hydrogel design and synthesis, and the latest technologies in developing flexible and wearable devices. This review covers various sensor types, including strain, physiological, and electrochemical sensors, and explores their potential applications in personalized healthcare, from daily activity monitoring to versatile electronic skin applications. Furthermore, we highlight the blueprints of design, working procedures, performance, detection limits, and sensitivity of these soft devices. Finally, we address challenges, prospects, and future outlook for advanced nanocomposite hydrogels in wearable sensors, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of their current state and future potential in healthcare applications.
可穿戴生物传感器和生物电子学的最新进展推动了个性化健康管理设备的创新设计，生物相容性导电纳米复合水凝胶成为软电子工程中一种很有前景的构建材料。在这篇综述中，我们提供了一个使用这些工程化纳米复合水凝胶推进生物传感器发展的综合框架，强调了它们的独特性质，如高导电性、柔韧性、自愈性、生物相容性、生物可降解性和可调节结构，拓宽了它们的生物医学应用。我们总结了纳米复合水凝胶用于人体热、生物力学、电生理和生化传感应用的关键性质、纳米复合水凝胶设计与合成的最新进展以及开发柔性可穿戴设备的最新技术。这篇综述涵盖了各种传感器类型，包括应变传感器、生理传感器和电化学传感器，并探讨了它们在个性化医疗保健中的潜在应用，从日常活动监测到多功能电子皮肤应用。此外，我们突出了这些柔性设备的设计蓝图、工作流程、性能、检测限和灵敏度。最后，我们阐述了先进纳米复合水凝胶在可穿戴传感器中的挑战、前景和未来展望，旨在全面概述它们在医疗保健应用中的当前状态和未来潜力。
