Salido Ezequiel M
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1468:477-481. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-76550-6_78.
This mini-review delves into the multifaceted roles of SEA (sea urchin sperm protein, enterokinase, and agrin) domains, ubiquitous protein modules critical to the structure, and function of a wide range of membrane-associated and secreted proteins in organisms from yeast to humans. We explore the structural and functional characteristics of SEA domains based on their two types of fundamental characteristics: proteolytic and non-proteolytic SEA domains. We also examine the significance of SEA domains in different protein families, particularly in mucins and extracellular matrix proteins, emphasizing their roles in glycosylation, cell adhesion, and signal transduction. The review also highlights the crucial impact of SEA domains in health and disease contexts, with a focus on their implications in cancer progression and retinal health. Mutations within these domains are linked to a range of pathologies, including various cancers and congenital disorders, underscoring their clinical importance. Through this review, we aim to provide a deeper understanding of SEA domains, shedding light on their diverse biological functions and their potential as targets for therapeutic interventions in diseases where they play a pivotal role.
本综述深入探讨了SEA（海胆精子蛋白、肠激酶和集聚蛋白）结构域的多方面作用，这是一种普遍存在的蛋白质模块，对从酵母到人类等生物体中多种膜相关蛋白和分泌蛋白的结构与功能至关重要。我们基于SEA结构域的两种基本特性——蛋白水解性和非蛋白水解性SEA结构域，来探究其结构和功能特征。我们还研究了SEA结构域在不同蛋白质家族中的重要性，特别是在粘蛋白和细胞外基质蛋白中，强调它们在糖基化、细胞黏附及信号转导中的作用。该综述还突出了SEA结构域在健康和疾病背景下的关键影响，重点关注它们在癌症进展和视网膜健康方面的影响。这些结构域内的突变与一系列病理状况相关，包括各种癌症和先天性疾病，凸显了它们的临床重要性。通过本综述，我们旨在更深入地了解SEA结构域，阐明其多样的生物学功能以及在它们发挥关键作用的疾病中作为治疗干预靶点的潜力。
