Noori Azam, Corbelli Lorena, Lincoln Erin, Thomas Sara, Jones Jasmine, Nason Sara L, White Jason C, Lewis Riley, Haynes Christy L
Department of Natural Sciences, Merrimack College, North Andover, MA, United States.
Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, New Haven, CT, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jan 27;15:1493896. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1493896. eCollection 2024.
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is one of the highly toxic compounds which was phased out of application in consumer products in 2015 due to its harmful effects on human and environmental health. However, this chemical was in use for many years and is still found in water resources. This study focuses on the physiological response of duckweed (r) exposed to PFOA so as to determine phytotoxicity and the potential of this aquatic species to remove PFOA from the environment. A time-dependent phytotoxicity assay showed that exposure to 0.1 µg/L PFOA for 14 days resulted in the loss of chlorophyll pigment and 15-25% more chlorosis than in controls. Although exposure to PFOA for seven days resulted in chlorosis, no significant impact on physiological parameters such as photosynthetic pigment or anthocyanin content were detected. The analysis of cellular size on day zero and seven of the experiment showed that the control group showed significantly larger cell size after seven days (213 ± 6.5 µm²) compared with the day zero group (186 ± 18 µm²), while the size of the PFOA exposed group (198 ± 13 µm²) did not change significantly after seven days compared with the day zero group. The nuclear size increased significantly by 13% upon exposure to PFOA compared with the controls (ρ < 0.0001). The concentration of essential elements K, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo were reduced in exposed to PFOA compared with the controls by 39.6, 33.4, 42.1, 35.2, 31.9, 40.2%, respectively. Additionally, PFOA accumulated in fronds and roots with an average bioaccumulation factor of 56 ± 7. Overall, while some symptoms of toxicity were observed, this study shows that can tolerate up to 0.1 µg/L PFOA, a commonly found concentrations in water bodies, and can remove PFOA from water. This study provides invaluable information regarding the phototoxicity impacts of PFOA on aquatic species and the potential for aquatic phytoremediation of PFOA.
全氟辛酸（PFOA）是毒性极强的化合物之一，由于其对人类健康和环境有害，已于2015年被淘汰出消费品应用领域。然而，这种化学物质已使用多年，目前仍能在水资源中检测到。本研究聚焦于浮萍（Lemna minor）暴露于PFOA后的生理反应，以确定其植物毒性以及该水生物种从环境中去除PFOA的潜力。一项时间依赖性植物毒性试验表明，暴露于0.1μg/L PFOA 14天会导致叶绿素色素损失，且与对照组相比，黄化现象多出15 - 25%。虽然暴露于PFOA七天会导致黄化现象，但未检测到对光合色素或花青素含量等生理参数有显著影响。对实验第零天和第七天的细胞大小分析表明，对照组在七天后细胞大小显著增大（213±6.5μm²），相比第零天组（186±18μm²），而暴露于PFOA组在七天后细胞大小（198±13μm²）与第零天组相比无显著变化。与对照组相比，暴露于PFOA后细胞核大小显著增加了13%（ρ<0.0001）。与对照组相比，暴露于PFOA后，必需元素钾、铜、铁、锰、锌、钼的浓度分别降低了39.6%、33.4%、42.1%、35.2%、31.9%、40.2%。此外，PFOA在叶状体和根中积累，平均生物累积因子为56±7。总体而言，虽然观察到了一些毒性症状，但本研究表明浮萍能够耐受高达0.1μg/L的PFOA（水体中常见浓度），并且能够从水中去除PFOA。本研究提供了关于PFOA对水生物种光毒性影响以及PFOA水生植物修复潜力的宝贵信息。
