Halász P, Pál I, Rajna P
Acta Physiol Hung. 1985;65(1):3-35.
The first part of the work offers a survey of the literature on the K complex. In the second part the authors' own investigations are discussed. The data come from three series of experiments: 1) from five sleeps of eight subjects (s) observed under different experimental conditions: 2) from twenty-one nights spent without stimulation and fourteen nights at acoustic stimulation of the same s; 3) from the analysis of the K complexes appearing in stimulated and non-stimulated periods alternating every five minutes of stages 2 in the first cycles of 6 sleeps of another s. In five sleeps of an identical s the K complexes were examined also by means of averaging. The frequency of the K complexes was greater in the stages 2 ascending type than in those of descending type. Sensory stimulation increased the formation of K complexes in the ascending slopes of the cycles to a higher degree than in the descending ones. Repression of the K complexes appearing on the effect of stimulation in the ascending slope was more marked than in the descending one. These findings indicate a close connection of the formation of K complexes and phasic sensory activation. At the same time a connection between K-complex formation and the measure of sleep synchronization was observed. From evening to morning the frequency of K complexes decreased from cycle to cycle, parallel with the decrease in the depth of sleep. Similarly, the frequency of the K complexes measured in stages 2 showed a relationship with the depth of the cycles: the deeper the sleep in the given cycle, the more the K complexes found in unit time in stages 2 belonging to the cycle anchoring the measured stage 2. The EEG responses that could be identified with K complexes elicited by means of acoustic stimuli could be demonstrated by averaging in the whole slow-wave sleep. It is assumed that the EEG phenomena of K complex-type of spontaneous sleep arise under the effect of continuous sensory activation, hence they correspond with nonspecific evoked potential elements, and therefore the K complex can be regarded as a building stone of slow-wave sleep. At the same time K complexes were interpreted as conflict products of sensory activation and sleep-protecting influences and considered important indicators of the dynamics of the sleep-waking system.
该研究的第一部分对关于K复合波的文献进行了综述。第二部分讨论了作者自己的研究。数据来自三个系列的实验：1）来自八名受试者（s）在不同实验条件下的五次睡眠；2）来自同一受试者在无刺激情况下度过的21个夜晚以及在听觉刺激下度过的14个夜晚；3）来自对另一名受试者的6次睡眠的第一周期中，每隔五分钟交替出现的刺激期和非刺激期的K复合波的分析。在同一受试者的五次睡眠中，还通过平均法对K复合波进行了检测。K复合波在第二阶段上升型中的频率高于下降型。感觉刺激在周期上升阶段比在下降阶段更能促进K复合波的形成。在上升阶段对刺激产生的K复合波的抑制比对下降阶段更明显。这些发现表明K复合波的形成与阶段性感觉激活密切相关。同时，观察到K复合波形成与睡眠同步程度之间的联系。从晚上到早上，K复合波的频率逐周期下降，与睡眠深度的降低平行。同样，在第二阶段测量的K复合波频率与周期深度有关：在给定周期中睡眠越深，属于锚定测量第二阶段的周期的第二阶段中单位时间内发现的K复合波就越多。通过平均法可以在整个慢波睡眠中证明由听觉刺激引发的、可与K复合波识别的脑电图反应。据推测，自发睡眠中K复合波类型的脑电图现象是在持续感觉激活的作用下产生的，因此它们与非特异性诱发电位成分相对应，所以K复合波可被视为慢波睡眠的基石。同时，K复合波被解释为感觉激活和睡眠保护影响的冲突产物，并被认为是睡眠-觉醒系统动态变化的重要指标。
