尼日利亚南部一家教学医院家庭医学诊所老年患者中肥胖、身体活动与跌倒之间的关联。
Association between obesity, physical activity and falls among elderly patients attending the family medicine clinics of a teaching hospital in Southern Nigeria.
作者信息
Oseni Tijani Idris Ahmad, Ibharokhonre Abel Onons, Olawumi Abdulgafar Lekan, Iyalomhe Esiemokhai Samuel, Adebayo Caleb Udukhomoshi, Adewuyi Bolanle Oluwatoyin, Fuh Francis Neba
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, Edo University, Iyamho, Nigeria.
Department of Family Medicine, Edo State University Teaching Hospital, Auchi, Nigeria.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2025 Feb 12;25(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-05746-7.
BACKGROUND
Falls are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the elderly, often resulting in injury, disability, and loss of independence. Obesity and physical inactivity are believed to impact the risk of falls among the elderly, yet the relationship remains poorly understood, especially in Nigeria. This study aimed to evaluate the association between obesity, physical activity, and falls among elderly patients attending the Family Medicine Clinic of Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH), Edo State, Nigeria.
METHODS
Using a cross-sectional design, 288 elderly patients were systematically sampled. Data collection included socio-demographic information, fall history, physical examination, and anthropometric measurements of obesity using body mass index (BMI) and physical activity using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine associations between variables. Level of significance was set at P value < 0.05%.
RESULT
Among participants, 25.9% reported at least one fall in the previous year. Obesity prevalence was 14.4%, with a significantly higher number (77.5%) of obese participants reporting falls compared to non-obese (17.2%) participants (p < 0.0001). Physical inactivity was also associated with increased fall risk, though this was not statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis revealed that obese participants had a significantly higher risk of falling (adjusted odds ratio (aOR = 16.55; 95%CI = 7.33,37.38; p < 0.001), while physical inactivity showed no significant association with falls (aOR = 0.52; 95%CI = 0.21,1.71; p = 0.297).
CONCLUSION
Obesity appears to be a strong predictor of fall risk among elderly individuals. There is need for incorporating weight reduction and physical activity programs into the elderly people's care to mitigate fall risk. Further research, particularly interventional studies, is recommended to establish effective preventive measures tailored to the elderly populations.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
跌倒在老年人发病和死亡原因中居首位，常导致受伤、残疾和失去独立生活能力。肥胖和缺乏身体活动被认为会影响老年人跌倒风险，但这种关系仍未得到充分理解，在尼日利亚尤其如此。本研究旨在评估尼日利亚江户州伊鲁阿专科医院（ISTH）家庭医学诊所老年患者中肥胖、身体活动与跌倒之间的关联。
方法
采用横断面设计，系统抽取了288名老年患者。数据收集包括社会人口学信息、跌倒史、体格检查，以及使用体重指数（BMI）进行肥胖的人体测量和使用世界卫生组织（WHO）标准进行身体活动测量。采用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析来确定变量之间的关联。显著性水平设定为P值<0.05%。
结果
在参与者中，25.9%报告在前一年至少跌倒过一次。肥胖患病率为14.4%，与非肥胖参与者（17.2%）相比，报告跌倒的肥胖参与者数量显著更多（77.5%）（p<0.0001）。缺乏身体活动也与跌倒风险增加有关，尽管这在统计学上不显著。逻辑回归分析显示，肥胖参与者跌倒风险显著更高（调整后的优势比（aOR = 16.55；95%置信区间 = 7.33，37.38；p<0.001），而缺乏身体活动与跌倒无显著关联（aOR = 0.52；95%置信区间 = 0.21，1.71；p = 0.297）。
结论
肥胖似乎是老年个体跌倒风险的有力预测因素。需要将减重和身体活动计划纳入老年人护理中，以降低跌倒风险。建议进一步开展研究，尤其是干预性研究，以制定针对老年人群的有效预防措施。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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