Low R B, Schmidt C, Wilder R J, Massion W, Barrett S M, Downs P
Ann Emerg Med. 1985 Jun;14(6):540-6. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(85)80777-0.
Our study examined the efficacy of four treatment modalities in controlling hemorrhage and achieving hemodynamic stabilization in hemorrhagic shock: intravenous fluid replacement (IV); military antishock trousers used concomitantly with fluids (MAST); balloon occlusion at the level of the diaphragm with concomitant fluid replacement (balloon); and a combination of MAST inflation, balloon occlusion, and fluid resuscitation (MAST and balloon). Twenty-eight mongrel dogs were anesthetized, and the spleen was exposed and completely crushed. The abdomen was closed, and treatment was initiated and continued for four hours or until the dog died. For all conditions the hematocrit dropped during the course of the experiment; balloon occlusion was effective at slowing this drop (P less than .0001), but MAST had no statistically significant effect. Animals with balloons bled more slowly into the abdominal cavity than did animals in the other two groups (P less than .0001). MAST also were effective at slowing the bleeding (P less than .05). Of the balloon and the MAST and balloon dogs, all except one survived the entire four hours; this difference between balloon and nonballoon dogs is significant (P = .002). MAST did not have a statistically significant effect on survival. Perfusion pressure (PP) declined during the course of the experiment, and the balloon was effective at slowing this decline (P less than .0001); none of the other comparisons was statistically significant.
静脉补液（IV）；与液体同时使用的军用抗休克裤（MAST）；在膈肌水平进行球囊封堵并同时进行液体复苏（球囊）；以及MAST充气、球囊封堵和液体复苏联合使用（MAST和球囊）。28只杂种犬被麻醉，暴露脾脏并将其完全碾碎。关闭腹腔，开始治疗并持续4小时或直至犬死亡。在所有情况下，实验过程中血细胞比容均下降；球囊封堵在减缓这种下降方面有效（P<0.0001），但MAST无统计学显著效果。使用球囊的动物向腹腔内的出血速度比其他两组动物慢（P<0.0001）。MAST在减缓出血方面也有效（P<0.05）。在使用球囊的犬以及使用MAST和球囊的犬中，除1只外均存活了整个4小时；球囊组和非球囊组犬之间的这种差异具有显著性（P = 0.002）。MAST对生存率无统计学显著影响。实验过程中灌注压（PP）下降，球囊在减缓这种下降方面有效（P<0.0001）；其他比较均无统计学显著性。
