Weiss S T, Tager I B, Muñoz A, Speizer F E
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Apr;131(4):573-8. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1985.131.4.573.
We assessed the relationship of antecedent acute respiratory illness to the occurrence of airway responsiveness and atopy in a population-based cohort of 194 children 12 to 16 yr of age from East Boston, Massachusetts. A history of croup or bronchiolitis as reported by their parents was determined at study onset when the children were 5 to 9 yr of age. During the second and third years of the study, acute respiratory illness was assessed. Five years after the prospective respiratory illness assessment, airway responsiveness was evaluated with eucapneic hyperpnea to subfreezing air, and atopy was evaluated with skin tests to 4 environmental antigens. Both a prior history of croup of bronchiolitis (OR = 2.29, p = 0.04) and greater than 2 acute lower respiratory illnesses (OR = 3.72, p = 0.012) were associated with increased levels of airway responsiveness. Neither index of respiratory illness experience was related to the presence of atopy. However, maternal cigarette smoking was significantly associated with atopy in these children (OR = 2.24, p = 0.02). These data suggest that respiratory illness in early life is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness as measured later in childhood. The data further suggest the need for longitudinal studies to better assess the etiologic role of these potential risk factors.
我们在马萨诸塞州东波士顿的一个以人群为基础的队列中，对194名12至16岁儿童的前期急性呼吸道疾病与气道反应性及特应性的发生之间的关系进行了评估。在研究开始时，即这些儿童5至9岁时，确定其父母报告的哮吼或细支气管炎病史。在研究的第二年和第三年，对急性呼吸道疾病进行评估。在前瞻性呼吸道疾病评估五年后，通过对低于冰点的空气进行等碳酸通气过度呼吸来评估气道反应性，并通过对4种环境抗原进行皮肤试验来评估特应性。哮吼或细支气管炎的既往病史（比值比=2.29，p=0.04）以及超过2次急性下呼吸道疾病（比值比=3.72，p=0.012）均与气道反应性水平升高相关。呼吸道疾病经历的这两个指标均与特应性的存在无关。然而，母亲吸烟与这些儿童的特应性显著相关（比值比=2.24，p=0.02）。这些数据表明，早年的呼吸道疾病与儿童后期测量的气道高反应性相关。数据进一步表明需要进行纵向研究，以更好地评估这些潜在危险因素的病因学作用。
