Abdel Kader M M, Zaki A H, Tawadrous G A, El-Hafez M A, Abdou M S, Dorgham A H
Acta Biol Med Ger. 1979;38(11-12):1485-95.
Oral administration of carnitine in normal and diabetic subjects showed a marked decrease in the level of blood glucose during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) except for the three hour samples in diabetic subjects, while a decrease in the level of subsequent blood pyruvate samples was observed during the OGTT in normal and diabetic subjects after the administration of carnitine. During the OGTT, the peak of blood glucose and blood pyruvate level was generally delayed in the diabetic subjects. Furthermore, the mean blood pyruvate levels were elevated above those of normal subjects during the late stages of the test. The mean levels of blood glucose and blood pyruvate of all samples after the administration of carnitine were significantly higher in diabetics than the corresponding values in noramls. Carnitine administration decreased the total blood amino acid nitrogen level only in diabetic subjects. Carnitine caused a highly significant increase in the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase in normal and diabetic subjects, while it had no effect on the activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase. In goats, the level of blood glucose during the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was not affected by carnitine (1,3 or 6 mg/kg body weight). Carnitine in all doses used had no effect on the total blood amino acid nitrogen during the IVGTT, or on the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase and serum aspartate aminotransferase in the fasting samples. Acetyl-D,L-beta-methylcholine had no effect on the level of blood glucose, total blood amino acid nitrogen, the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase or serum aspartate aminotransferase in normal and diabetic subjects. The level of blood pyruvate decreased both in normal and diabetic subjects, in the samples that represented the peak of the curve. Glycine betaine had no effect on blood glucose, pyruvate, total blood amino acid nitrogen and the activity of serum alanine aminotransferase or serum aspartate amino transferase in normal and diabetic subjects or in goats.
在正常受试者和糖尿病患者中口服肉碱后，口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）期间血糖水平显著降低，但糖尿病患者三小时样本除外；而在正常受试者和糖尿病患者中，服用肉碱后进行OGTT时，随后的血丙酮酸样本水平降低。在OGTT期间，糖尿病患者的血糖和血丙酮酸水平峰值通常延迟。此外，在试验后期，糖尿病患者的平均血丙酮酸水平高于正常受试者。服用肉碱后，糖尿病患者所有样本的血糖和血丙酮酸平均水平显著高于正常受试者的相应值。仅在糖尿病患者中，肉碱给药降低了总血氨基酸氮水平。肉碱使正常受试者和糖尿病患者的血清丙氨酸转氨酶活性显著升高，而对血清天冬氨酸转氨酶活性无影响。在山羊中，静脉葡萄糖耐量试验（IVGTT）期间的血糖水平不受肉碱（1、3或6mg/kg体重）影响。所用的所有剂量肉碱对IVGTT期间的总血氨基酸氮、空腹样本中的血清丙氨酸转氨酶和血清天冬氨酸转氨酶活性均无影响。乙酰-D,L-β-甲基胆碱对正常受试者和糖尿病患者的血糖水平、总血氨基酸氮、血清丙氨酸转氨酶或血清天冬氨酸转氨酶活性均无影响。在代表曲线峰值的样本中，正常受试者和糖尿病患者的血丙酮酸水平均降低。甘氨酸甜菜碱对正常受试者、糖尿病患者或山羊的血糖、丙酮酸、总血氨基酸氮以及血清丙氨酸转氨酶或血清天冬氨酸转氨酶活性均无影响。
