Shan Hao, Wen Hongwei, Zhang Jinhui, Wang Yuzhi, Lu Lahu, Liu Yutao, Yang Bin, Ji Wei
Institute of Wheat Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen 041000, China.
College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 25;14(3):366. doi: 10.3390/plants14030366.
Wheat ( L.) is a globally important staple crop; however, its growth and yield are severely limited by drought stress. This study evaluated the effects of a combined microbial inoculant, Act12 and D74, on wheat photosynthesis, physiological traits, and yield under drought conditions. Key physiological and yield parameters were measured during the jointing, heading, and grain-filling stages. Drought stress significantly reduced chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm), and antioxidant enzyme activities, while increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, leading to a notable yield decline. In contrast, inoculation with strains alleviated these adverse effects, with the combined inoculant (Act12+D74) group demonstrating the most significant improvement. Chlorophyll content increased by up to 32.60%, Fv/Fm improved by 43.07%, and antioxidant enzyme activities were enhanced, with superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increasing by 19.32% and peroxidase (POD) activity by 75.44%. Meanwhile, MDA levels were reduced by 61.61%. The proline content in the combined inoculant group increased by 90.44% at the jointing stage and the soluble protein content increased by 60.17% at the heading stage. Furthermore, it improved the yield by 26.19% by increasing both effective spikes and grains per spike. For the first time, this study revealed the synergistic effects of Act12 and D74 in enhancing photosynthesis, strengthening antioxidant defenses, and optimizing osmotic regulation under drought conditions. These findings provide a theoretical basis for developing environmentally friendly drought management strategies and highlight the potential applications of this inoculant in sustainable agriculture.
小麦（L.）是全球重要的主粮作物；然而，其生长和产量受到干旱胁迫的严重限制。本研究评估了联合微生物接种剂Act12和D74对干旱条件下小麦光合作用、生理特性和产量的影响。在拔节期、抽穗期和灌浆期测定了关键生理和产量参数。干旱胁迫显著降低了叶绿素含量、光系统II（PSII）的最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）和抗氧化酶活性，同时增加了丙二醛（MDA）水平，导致产量显著下降。相比之下，接种这些菌株减轻了这些不利影响，联合接种剂（Act12 + D74）组表现出最显著的改善。叶绿素含量增加高达32.60%，Fv/Fm提高了43.07%，抗氧化酶活性增强，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性增加了19.32%，过氧化物酶（POD）活性增加了75.44%。同时，MDA水平降低了61.61%。联合接种剂组在拔节期脯氨酸含量增加了90.44%，在抽穗期可溶性蛋白含量增加了60.17%。此外，通过增加有效穗数和每穗粒数，产量提高了26.19%。本研究首次揭示了Act12和D74在干旱条件下增强光合作用、强化抗氧化防御和优化渗透调节方面的协同作用。这些发现为制定环境友好型干旱管理策略提供了理论依据，并突出了这种接种剂在可持续农业中的潜在应用。
