Holland G N, Wallace D A, Mondino B J, Cole S H, Ryan S J
Arch Ophthalmol. 1985 May;103(5):649-51. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1985.01050050041012.
Dislocation of extraoral orthodontic tractional devices (headgear) resulted in penetrating ocular injuries in three eyes of two patients. An endophthalmitis caused by mixed flora developed in each injured eye. Despite medical and surgical therapy, only one eye retained useful vision two years following injury. All wearers of headgear and their families should be educated in the proper use of these devices and about the potential for severe facial injuries. Penetrating ocular injuries initially may be relatively asymptomatic. Thus, even persons with seemingly minor injuries from such devices should seek immediate and thorough ophthalmic evaluation. In eyes with penetrating injuries, culture of intraocular fluids should be performed at the time of initial repair. Because the penetrating device is heavily contaminated with oral flora, broad-spectrum antibiotics should be administered by intravenous, subconjunctival, and intravitreal injection. Such injuries, although rare, may have a grave prognosis.
口外正畸牵引装置（头帽）脱位导致两名患者的三只眼睛发生穿透性眼外伤。每只受伤眼睛均发生了由混合菌群引起的眼内炎。尽管进行了药物和手术治疗，但受伤两年后只有一只眼睛保留了有用视力。所有头帽佩戴者及其家属都应接受关于这些装置正确使用方法以及严重面部损伤可能性的教育。穿透性眼外伤最初可能相对没有症状。因此，即使是看似因这类装置受到轻伤的人也应立即寻求全面的眼科评估。对于穿透性损伤的眼睛，应在初次修复时进行眼内液培养。由于穿透装置被口腔菌群严重污染，应通过静脉注射、结膜下注射和玻璃体腔内注射给予广谱抗生素。这类损伤虽然罕见，但预后可能很严重。
