Sukhacheva T V, Serov R A, Kim A I, Podzolkov V P, Bockeria L A
A. N. Bakulev Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2025 Jan;178(3):301-306. doi: 10.1007/s10517-025-06325-x. Epub 2025 Feb 13.
An increase in the ploidy of cardiomyocytes (CMCs) determines the potential for their hypertrophic growth. We analyzed the changes in CMC ploidy and size of the interventricular septum in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and tetralogy of Fallot (TF). The ploidy of CMCs in children and adult patients with HCM and children with TF was 1.5-2-fold higher than in individuals without cardiovascular pathology, and it did not change with age. The size of the CMCs was also larger by 1.3-2 times in patients with HCM and TF, compared to the control groups. However, the increase in CMCs size was more significant in HCM than in TF. The proportion of multinucleated CMCs was significantly lower in patients with HCM compared to controls and was by almost 2 times higher in patients with TF. Thus, myocardial hypertrophy in HCM is mainly due to the polyploidy of mononucleated CMCs, whereas in TF, the proportion of multinucleated CMCs increases.
心肌细胞（CMCs）倍性的增加决定了其肥大生长的潜力。我们分析了肥厚型心肌病（HCM）和法洛四联症（TF）患者的心肌细胞倍性变化以及室间隔大小。患有HCM的儿童和成年患者以及患有TF的儿童的心肌细胞倍性比无心血管病变的个体高1.5至2倍，且不随年龄变化。与对照组相比，HCM和TF患者的心肌细胞大小也大1.3至2倍。然而，HCM患者心肌细胞大小的增加比TF患者更显著。与对照组相比，HCM患者中多核心肌细胞的比例显著降低，而TF患者中多核心肌细胞的比例几乎高出2倍。因此，HCM中的心肌肥大主要是由于单核心肌细胞的多倍体化，而在TF中，多核心肌细胞的比例增加。
