Alammari Maryam A, Alammari Abdulaziz A, Alammari Amal A, Alammari Abdullmajed A, Alammari Nawal A, Ibrahim Alabdali Mona Yahya
Family Medicine, Al-Khobar Health Network, Al-Khobar, SAU.
Dental College, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU.
Cureus. 2025 Jan 14;17(1):e77426. doi: 10.7759/cureus.77426. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Low back pain (LBP) is a highly prevalent condition among healthcare providers (HCPs) worldwide. The physical demands of their jobs predispose them to risk of LBP and other musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). LBP is multifactorial and is thus influenced by psychosocial and occupational risk factors. LBP affects the health and productivity of HCPs and needs to be addressed. This review investigated the psychosocial and occupational factors associated with LBP among HCPs. This research adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Key medical research databases were searched for relevant studies published between 2016 and 2024. Elaborate inclusion/exclusion criteria were implemented to filter down to 14 full-text studies that were included in this systematic review. The 14 studies pointed toward a varying, high prevalence of LBP among HCPs across different regions. Key risk factors for LBP were high physical workload, poor ergonomics, and psychosocial stressors such as high stress levels, job dissatisfaction, and emotional exhaustion. Shift patterns, workload, and other occupational factors influenced LBP prevalence. High physical workload, poor ergonomics, and repetitive tasks were identified as significant risk factors for LBP. Comprehensive interventions targeting ergonomic training, stress management programs, workplace policy modifications, and targeted strategies for high-risk groups are recommended to address the highly prevalent LBP among HCPs.
腰痛（LBP）在全球医疗保健提供者（HCPs）中是一种非常普遍的病症。他们工作中的体力需求使他们易患腰痛和其他肌肉骨骼疾病（MSDs）。腰痛是多因素的，因此受到心理社会和职业风险因素的影响。腰痛会影响医疗保健提供者的健康和工作效率，需要加以解决。本综述调查了医疗保健提供者中与腰痛相关的心理社会和职业因素。本研究遵循系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）。在主要医学研究数据库中搜索了2016年至2024年期间发表的相关研究。实施了详细的纳入/排除标准，筛选出14项全文研究纳入本系统评价。这14项研究表明，不同地区的医疗保健提供者中腰痛的患病率各不相同且较高。腰痛的主要风险因素包括高体力工作量、不良的人体工程学以及心理社会压力源，如高压力水平、工作不满意和情绪耗竭。轮班模式、工作量和其他职业因素影响腰痛患病率。高体力工作量、不良的人体工程学和重复性任务被确定为腰痛的重要风险因素。建议针对人体工程学培训、压力管理计划、工作场所政策修改以及针对高危群体的针对性策略等综合干预措施，以解决医疗保健提供者中普遍存在的腰痛问题。
